Pope Sixtus IV

And that resentment helped an ambitious pope recruit them.

Now, what does this ambitious pope want? This is Pope Sixtus IV.

And we have to zoom out now, but I'm giving you kid Machiavelli verse.

And we've talked about on

other episodes that the popes of this time, they had armies, they were conquerors, they were more thought of as kings than as religious.

Yeah, this is much more of a...

And I love how Sixtus IV is an exception in both directions, both unusually pious and then also unusually warlike.

Because he began life as a Franciscan monk, from an unimportant family from an unimportant city on the outskirts of Genoa.

That's what that was, okay? I didn't mean to interrupt you too much, I'm sorry.

In 1477, Pope Sixtus IV said they could apply to purgatory.

All right, I want to stop you right there, and I want to bring up what happened during the time of Pope Leo.

He needed money to complete St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome.

Thus, Urban IV testified that every day the rosary obtained fresh boon for Christianity.

Sixtus IV declared that this method of prayer "redounded to the honor of God and the Blessed Virgin, and was well suited to obviate impending dangers." Leo X, that "it was instituted to oppose pernicious heresiarchs and heresies," while Julius III called it the "glory of the church." So also St.

Pius V, that "with the spread of this devotion, the meditations of the faithful have begun to be more inflamed, their prayers more fervent, and they have suddenly become different men." I've experienced this myself.

"The darkness of heresy has been dissipated, and the light of Catholic faith has broken forth again." Lastly, Gregory XIII, in his turn, pronounced that the rosary had been instituted by St.

Four early printed editions of the Herbal of Apuleius Platonicus are known, all of which appear to have been based on different manuscripts.

The earliest was published in Rome, late in the 15th century, from a manuscript discovered by Johann Philippus de Lignamine, physician to Pope Sixtus IV.

nothing is definitely known concerning the author but it is conjectured that he was a native of africa and that his book may date from the fifth century or possibly even the fourth the work undoubtedly had a career of many centuries in manuscript before it was printed various extant manuscripts of the herbarium are illustrated with colored drawings of the crudest description which are found in comparison to be identical in many different examples and to have been reproduced in a degraded form when the book was printed the original figures from which the drawings in the different manuscripts were copied must date back to very early times they probably represent as dr paine has pointed out a skill of botanical draughtsmanship derived from late roman art these illustrations some of which are reproduced in plates four five and sixteen and text figures one and two will be discussed in greater detail in chapter seven one of their peculiarities is that if a herb has the power of healing the bite or sting of any animal that animal is drawn with the plant on the same block soon after the appearance in italy of the earliest printed editions of the herbarium of apuleius platonicus three works of great importance were published at mainz in germany these were the latin herbarius fourteen eighty four the german herbarius fourteen eighty five and derived from the latter the hortus sanitatis fourteen ninety one The Latin and the German Herbarius, together with the Herbarium of Apollae of Platonicus, may be regarded as the doyen among printed herbals.

All three seem to have been largely based upon pre-existing manuscripts, representing a tradition of great antiquity.

I know Steve's going to correct me on that then.

having received its corporate rights from Pope Sixtus IV earlier that year.

Or was it

Pope Forthus VI? Yeah, Sixtus.

Rome, long marked by instability, experienced renewal under ambitious popes.

Sixtus IV and later Julius II commissioned major building projects.

They sought to restore Rome's grandeur, linking papal authority to the memory of imperial antiquity.

The Vatican became a stage for artistic innovation, drawing talent from across Italy.

Nowhere was the maxim more true than in Rome of the Renaissance popes.

The editio prin- princeps of the complete code of Talmudic law, Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, replete not only with the most offensive precepts against all Gentiles, but also with explicit attacks on Christianity and on Jesus, this is in parentheses, after whose name the author adds piously, "May the name of the wicked perish," close parentheses, was published exp- expurgated in Rome in the year 1480 under Sixtus IV, politically a very active pope who had a constant and urgent need for money.

Parenthesis again, a few years earlier, the only older edition of The Golden Ass by Apuleius, from which the violent attack on Christianity had not been removed, was also published in Rome.

Alexander VI Borgia was also very liberal in this respect.