Philip the Bold

He brought his own painter from France with him, who painted his portrait, which still exists in Paris.

This King John was the father of four remarkable sons, Charles V, King of France, with whom Edward III and the Black Prince fought the latter part of the Hundred Years' War, Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, John, Duke of Bury, and Louis, Duke of Anjou.

In this list all are names of remarkable men and great art patrons, about whom you may some day read interesting things.

Numerous lovely objects still in existence were made for them, and would not have been made at all if they had not been the men they were.

The larger merchants who regulated the wool traffic were prosperous, and so too the landowners and princes whose property thus increased in value.

The four sons of King John became very wealthy men.

Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, by marrying the heiress of the Count of Flanders, acquired the Flemish territory, and the wealth obtained from the wool trade and manufacture there.

Berry and Anjou were great provinces in France, yielding a large revenue to their two dukes.

And in the 14th century, the Burgundian court linked itself to the county of Flanders by means of marriage of convenience.

Duke Philip the Bold married Margaret of Dampierre, the heiress of the Flemish count.

So when the count died in 1384, Flanders became part of the Burgundian Empire.

The dupes of Burgundy loved stoning brood and gave their city a new impetus.

He had failed to command respect in Italy.

He had allowed the foundation of a very strong estate between himself and France, for Burgundy in the hands of the successors of Philip the Bold was to be a danger to future emperors as well as to future kings.

He had been forced to acknowledge the Swabian League of Towns, although so independent a union was really contrary to the Golden Bull.

He had helped to bring about the return of the Avignon Popes to Rome and lived just long enough to see how this resulted in the great schism of the papacy.

In 1439 its members went so far as to depose Eugenius, and to start another schism by electing a pope of their own.

It was necessary to choose someone with money, and they turned to Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, a widower with several children and great political influence.

His wife had been a daughter of Philip the Bold of Burgundy, and his daughters had been married to the Duke of Milan and the Duke of Anjou.

Of late years, however, he had withdrawn into religious seclusion, and though still a layman, founded a sort of order, adopting a grey monkish cloak and a gold cross.

In a fun and funny bit of history, I think it's funny.

In 1395, Philip the Bold, who was the Duke of Burgundy, he issued a decree where he banished the Gamay grape from Burgundy.

Why? Because he called it a bad and disloyal grape.

What did it ever do to him?

It is uncertain whether Peter ever came there or not, but at any rate he declined to fight.

Two months before he had been deposed by the authority of the Pope, not only from the kingdom of Sicily, but also from the throne of Aragon, which was given to Charles of Valois, second son of Philippe le Hardi.

The last years of the life of Charles of Anjou were clouded with misfortune.

During his absence from Naples, his eldest son was taken prisoner by Roger de Loria, Grand Admiral of Sicily, and the fickle people of Naples proposed to transfer their allegiance to the King of Aragon.

The year 1285 witnessed the death of the principal potentates who had been engaged in the struggle which has been narrated.

Charles of Anjou died on January 7th.

Philippe le Hardi, who was engaged in conquering Aragon for his son Charles, died after an unfortunate campaign at Perpignan on October 6th.

Peter of Aragon succumbed on October 6th to wounds received in the same expedition, and in the meantime Pope Martin IV, the creature of Charles, had expired at Perugia on March 25th.