Permanent Court of Arbitration

And there are also international forums for specialized dispute resolution related to space law if they want to be invoked.

One is the Permanent Court of Arbitration has specialized space procedures for space disputes.

No one has yet invoked them, but they exist.

Also, the ICC has some specialty procedures resolution of space disputes and has experiences with that, just like the American Arbitration Association's International Division also has that.

And so we're going to send our spacecraft claims there too, or they could decide to go to a specialized space arbitration panel.

There are some aerospace panels at American Arbitration Association.

There is also, as I mentioned, a permanent court of arbitration with space rules, specific rules.

And there's also a growing private set, well, somewhat private set of courts in the UAE.

No, absolutely.

The PCA, Permanent Court of Arbitration, it's a very old dispute resolution organization established in 1899 through CRETI.

It's an intergovernmental organization, and it actually has this fantastic origin story.

Because what happened in the 1890s was that there was an arms race already then taking place among various European powers.

And so Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, who later came to a very sticky end, convened this first peace conference, the first Hague peace conference in 1899 in the Netherlands.

It was attended by most European heads of state.

And through that first peace conference and a subsequent peace conference in 1907, they established the Permanent Court of Arbitration.

which was intended to be a forum for resolving disputes between states.

In July 2026, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Lin Jen labeled the Philippines a troublemaker in the South China Sea after Manila embedded journalists on resupply missions and patrols, accusing the Philippines of provoking maritime confrontations to stir up tensions.

In July 2015, following the Philippines' legal challenge against China's expansive maritime claims at the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued an official statement explicitly referring to the Philippines as the real troublemaker in the region.

China accused Manila of deliberately escalating tensions and violating bilateral agreements.

During early disputes following the Scarborough Shoal standoff in July 2013, Major General Luo Yuan of the Chinese People's Liberation Army publicly stated, "The role of the Philippines in the South China Sea is actually, in my view, a troublemaker." Beijing routinely uses this narrative whenever the Philippines asserts its sovereign rights or brings international visibility to maritime disputes, portraying Manila's defense measures and joint security partnerships as disruptive to regional peace.

But so they're, nevertheless, uh, they remain very much in this battle, and Cesar Charmata has been waging a, a, a war in the courts trying to reclaim in the courtroom what they couldn't, uh, find on the sea, um, for a portion of the treasure.

And they are, th- that has led to a case at the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, which is still ongoing, and we're expecting a ruling on that, uh, later this year or early next.

Really? So, so all of this has gone to the, The Hague where, you know, war crimes and so on are usually hashed out.

N- now they're listening to a case about this 300-year-old San Jose.

Ascension is the staging post.

March 2015, Permanent Court of Arbitration.

Unanimous ruling that the Chagos Marine Protection Area, declared in April 2010, was created in violation of international law.

So the Hentavirus story isn't a story about a virus.

In 2018, Elliott filed the investor-state dispute settlement based on the South Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement, accusing the Park Geun-hye administration of putting pressure on the National Pension Service, then a major stakeholder, to vote in favor of the merger and cause losses for the firm.

The Hague-based Permanent Court of Arbitration ordered South Korea to pay the same amount of damages in 2023, which the government initially sought to nullify, arguing a jurisdiction violation under the FTA when the tribunal classified the NPS as a de facto state agency.

South Korea has grabbed a gold medal in the men's team 25-meter rapid-fire pistol event for the first time in 12 years at the Aichi Nagoya Asian Games.

The team of Yoon Se-yeong, Song Jung-ho and Lee Geon-hyuk beat China with a combined score of 1,749 points in the finals held at the Aichi Prefecture General Shooting Gallery on Thursday.

After that, China started dredging and construction in the Spratly Islands, and they were building artificial reefs and using those to claim expansion of their exclusive economic zone, basically saying, we own all of this because that little rock over there is ours.

In 2013, the Philippines initiated proceedings in the Permanent Court of Arbitration.

And that court oversees disputes between governments over things like the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.

So the Convention on the Law of the Sea is something that China actually has agreed to and ratified prior to this.