Nezikin

He goes to collect from the Nechosim Shubodim, he already sold it.

He has to be Taref Lekuchas, if you remember, right? All of those Gimari's and Noshim and Nezikin.

A whole mess.

Reuven, Shimon, Levi.

One term that you used is zmanim, which is the plural of zman, which literally means time.

We've spoken about already in Talmud Daily how central time is to the very concept of Talmud, from the fact that the six orders of the Mishnah, the Shisha Sadurim, are Zra'a, Moed, Nashim, Nezikin, Kodashim, Taharos, which is an acronym for zman nakat, choosing time, as well as the opening question of Brachos is literally mei-ey masai, from when.

And there's a great website that everybody should be familiar with called My Zmanim, which you can literally type in your area code, and they will give you exactly all of the times, more or less.

I think it's fairly accurate.

So they take the first one, the first one of the Talmidei Chachamim sitting on these benches in front of the court.

So again, just as we've seen that justice in all the litigation that we've seen in the three Babas, in the Mishnah of Nezikin and so far, has been to do with a chaver, so to speak.

You know, Haomer lechavero, someone says to his chaver.

We're dealing with law in a social context and the court is dealing in a social context too.

We miscalculated the time.

And then again, the acronym that we mentioned for the six orders of the Mishnah, Zeraim, Moed, Nashim, Nezikin, Kodashim, Taharot, that is an acronym for the term zman nakat, choosing time.

The entire project of the Mishnah and the Talmud is coming to sanctify the fabric of existence itself.

We may not have an easy, accessible homeland for much of Jewish history, but we still a- are able to find and access divinity in time itself.

Yeah.

So, so it's different [in Hebrew] the difference of a appraisal of f- of ten people from [in Hebrew] from an [in Hebrew] that we did for [in Hebrew] which is nezikin.

Nezikin, just nezikin, you only need three people to appraise it.

It's not, 'cause it's not for hekdesh, it's just a normal beit din.

No-- A standard beit din is three.

How is a Jewish divorce finally finalized? The notion of a ketubah, kesubah, which is the document, the financial commitment that goes into any family.

The fourth is Nezikin.

Nezikin is damages.

Nezek literally means to damage somebody, and this is all, like, I think the word is, like, tort law.

Like, what happens if I fender bender somebody? How much do I owe them? What happens if somebody lends me a book and then I lose it? Which is why I don't lend books, but let's say somebody lends me a book and I lose it.

That is all described in the fourth order, or now we're gonna use the term Seder.

The fourth Seder is all about Nezikin.

The fifth Seder is called Kodshim.

So on the first page, in Babakana, he points out that there are two different kinds of Ovis and Toldus.

By Nezikin and by Shabbos, you have 39 Ovis Melochas, or categories of Melochas, and Toldus are activities that fall under those headings, fall under those categories.

And the same by Nezikin, Abba Ovest and Zikin.

And then the Talbots fall under the same category.

But by Tumme, Ovest and Talbots doesn't mean categories.

The first Mesech HaKelim is 30 parakhim.

Sometimes they refer to Mesech HaKelim as a Bava Kam, a Bava Matzi, a Bava Basra kind of thing, right? Because the beginning of Seder Nezikin, right? We've seen the Sheet of Yosef that...

all of Bava Kama, Bava Mitzia, Bava Basra, it's really just called one Masechta, Masechta Nezikin, divided into three sections, 10 Prakim each.

So also when it comes to Masechta Kelem, Masechta Kelem is 30 Prakim.

Nashim covers marriage and divorce.

Nezikim covers civil and criminal law.

Hodashim covers temple sacrifice and dietary law.

And Tahorot covers ritual purity, Worth pausing on that fifth order, Kodashim, it describes temple sacrifices in exacting detail, over a century after the temple it describes had already been destroyed.