Neo-scholasticism

He is anti-theological in his viewpoints, does not believe in the immortality of the soul, and seeks to substitute ethics and aesthetics for religion.

Among other branches of Italian philosophy should be mentioned sensism, sensationalism, which posits the sense perceptions as the sole channels for the reception of knowledge, criticism or the philosophy of accurate judgment, and Neoscholasticism, which is a revival of Thomism encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church.

The two outstanding schools of American philosophy are transcendentalism and pragmatism.

Transcendentalism, exemplified in the writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson, emphasizes the power of the transcendental over the physical.