Nantes

If she could not, then she ought not to have divided it.

And if the partition which she made with the Venetians in Lombardy was justified by the excuse that by it she got a foothold in Italy, the other partition merited blame, for it had not the excuse of that necessity." therefore louis made these five errors he destroyed the minor powers he increased the strength of one of the great powers in italy he brought in a foreign power he did not settle in the country he did not send colonies which errors had he lived were not enough to injure him had he not made a sixth by taking away their dominions from the venetians because had he not aggrandized the church nor brought spade into italy it would have been very reasonable and necessary to humble them but having first taken these steps he ought never to have consented to their ruin for they being powerful would always have kept off others from designs on lombardy to which the venetians would never have consented except to become masters themselves there also because the others would not wish to take lombardy from france in order to give it to the venetians and to run counter to both they would not have had the courage and if any one should say king louis yielded the romagna to alexander and the kingdom to spain to avoid war i answer for the reasons given above that a blunder ought never to be perpetrated to avoid war because it is not to be avoided but is only deferred to your disadvantage and if another should allege the pledge which the king had given to the pope that he would assist him in the enterprise in exchange for the dissolution of his marriage and for the cap to rouen to that i reply what i shall write later on concerning the faith of princes and how it ought to be kept thus king louis lost lombardy by not having followed any of the conditions observed by those who have taken possession of countries and wished to retain them nor is there any miracle in this but much that is reasonable and quite natural and on these matters i spoke at nantes with rouen when valentino as cesare borgia the son of pope alexander was usually called occupied the romagna and on cardinal rouen observing to me that the italians did not understand war i replied to him that the french did not understand statecraft meaning that otherwise they would not have allowed the church to reach such greatness and in fact it has been seen that the greatness of the church and of spain in italy has been caused by france and her ruin may be attributed to them From this a general rule is drawn which never or rarely fails, that he who is the cause of another becoming powerful is ruined, because that predominancy has been brought about either by astuteness or else by force, and both are distrusted by him who has been raised to power.

Chapter 4.

Why the kingdom of Darius, conquered by Alexander, did not rebel against the successors of Alexander at his death.

A CHRONICLE OF THE LAND OF EVANGELINE.

chapter i the founders of acadia the name acadia which we now associate with a great tragedy of history and song was first used by the french to distinguish the eastern or maritime part of new france from the western part which began with the st lawrence valley and was called canada footnote the origin of the name is uncertain by some authorities it is supposed to be derived from the micmac algady signifying a camp or settlement others have traced it to the micmac akady meaning a place where something abounds thus sunakady the cranberry place segubun akady the place of the potato c the earliest map marking the country that of ruselli fifteen sixty one gives the name l'arcardie andre thivet a french writer mentions the country in fifteen seventy five as arcadia and many modern writers believe acadia to be merely a corruption of that classic name just where acadia ended and canada began the french never clearly defined in course of time as will be seen this question became a cause of war with the english but we shall not be much at fault if we take a line from the mouth of the river penobscot due north to the st lawrence to mark the western frontier of the acadia of the french thus as the map shows acadia lay in that great peninsula which is flanked by two large islands and is washed on the north and east by the river and gulf of st lawrence and on the south by the atlantic ocean and it comprised what are to-day parts of quebec and maine as well as the provinces of new brunswick nova scotia and prince edward island when the french came and for long after this country was the hunting-ground of tribes of the algonquin race micmacs malasites and abnakis or abenakis by right of the discoveries of jean verasano fifteen twenty four and jacques cartier fifteen thirty four to forty two the french crown laid claim to all america north of the sphere of spanish influence colonial enterprise however did not thrive during the religious wars which rent europe in the sixteenth century and it was not until after the edict of nantes in fifteen ninety eight that france could follow up the discoveries of her seamen by an effort to colonize either acadia or canada abortive attempts had indeed been made by the marquis de la roche but these had resulted only in the marooning of fifty unfortunate convicts on sable island the first real colonizing venture of the french in the new world was that of the sieur de monts the patron and associate of champlain see the founder of new france in this series chapter two the site of this first colony was in acadia armed with viceregal powers and a trading monopoly for ten years de monts gathered his colonists equipped two ships and set out from havre-de-grace in april sixteen o four the company numbered about a hundred and fifty frenchmen of various ranks and conditions from the lowest to the highest convicts taken from the prisons laborers and artisans huguenot ministers and catholic priests some gentlemen of noble birth among them jean de biancourt baron de poutrincourt and the already famous explorer champlain the vessels reached cape la heve on the south coast of nova scotia in may they rounded cape sable sailed up the bay of fundy and entered the annapolis basin which champlain named port royal the scene here so stirred the admiration of the baron de poutrincourt that he coveted the place as an estate for his family and begged de monts who by his patent was lord of the entire country to grant him the adjoining lands de monts consented the estate was conveyed and poutrincourt became the seigneur of port royal the adventurers crossed to the new brunswick shore turned their vessel westward passed the mouth of the river st john which they named and finally dropped anchor and passed the macquaddy bay here on a small island near the mouth of the river st croix now on the boundary line between new brunswick and maine de monts landed his colonists They cleared the ground, and within an enclosure known as the Habitation de Lille-Saint-Croix, erected a few buildings, one made with very fair and artificial carpentry work, for Dumont, while others, less ornamental, were for M. d'Auville, M. Champlain, M. Chamdour, and other men of high standing.

Then, as the season waned, the vessels, which linked them to the world they had left, unfurled their sails, and set out for France.

seventy-nine men remained at sainte-croix among them de monts and champlain in the vast solitude of forest they settled down for the winter which was destined to be full of horrors by spring thirty-five of the company had died of scurvy and twenty more were at the point of death evidently sainte-croix was not a good place for a colony the soil was sandy and there was no fresh water so in june after the arrival of a vessel bringing supplies from france de monts and champlain set out to explore the coast in search of a better site but finding none which they deemed suitable they decided to tempt fortune at poutrincourt's domain of port royal thither then in august the colonists moved carrying their implements and stores across the bay of fundy and landing on the north side of the annapolis basin opposite goat island where the village of lower granville now stands the colony thus formed at port royal in the summer of sixteen o five the first agricultural settlement of europeans on soil which is now canadian had a broken existence of eight years owing to intrigues at the french court de monts lost his charter in sixteen o seven and the colony was temporarily abandoned but it was re-established in sixteen ten by poutrincourt and his son charles de biencourt the episode of port royal one of the most lively in canadian history introduces to us some striking characters besides the leaders in the enterprise already mentioned de monts champlain poutrincourt and biencourt we meet here le lawyer merry philosopher historian and farmer likewise louis hibert planting vines and sowing wheat the same louis hibert who afterwards became the first tiller of the soil at quebec footnote le carbot was the historian of the colony his history of new france reprinted by the champlain society toronto nineteen eleven with an english translation notes and appendices by w l grant is a delightful and instructive work here also is mirbertu sagamore of the micmacs a man of a hundred summers and the most formidable savage within the memory of man hitherto in sixteen eleven come the jesuits biard and masse the first of the black-robed followers of loyola to set foot in new france but the colony was to perish in an event which foreshadowed the struggle in america between france and england in sixteen thirteen the english captain argall from new-founded virginia sailed up the coasts of acadia looking for frenchmen the jesuits had just begun on mount desert island the mission of st sauveur this argall raided and destroyed he then went on and ravaged port royal and its occupants young biencourt and a handful of companions were forced to take to a wandering life among the indians twenty years passed before the french made another organized effort to colonize acadia the interval however was not without events which had a bearing on the later fortunes of the colony missionaries from quebec both recollets and jesuits took up their abode among the indians on the river st john and at nipissiguit on chaleur bay trading companies exploited the fur fields and fisheries and french vessels visited the coast every summer it was during this period that the english puritans landed at plymouth sixteen twenty at salem sixteen twenty eight and at boston sixteen thirty and made a lodgment there on the southwest flank of acadia the period too saw sir william alexander scott's in nova scotia and saw the english kirks raiding the settlements of new france footnote see the jesuit missions in this series chapter four the baron de poutrincourt died in sixteen fifteen leaving his estate to his son biencourt and after biencourt's own death in sixteen twenty three it was found that he had bequeathed a considerable fortune including all his property and rights in acadia to his friend and companion that interesting and resourceful adventurer charles de la tour this man when a lad of fourteen and his father claude de la tour had come out to acadia in the service of poutrincourt after the destruction of port royal charles de la tour had followed young biencourt into the forest and had lived with him the nomadic life of the indians later the elder la tour established himself for trade at the mouth of the penobscot but he was driven away from this post by a party from the english colony at plymouth the younger la tour after coming into biencourt's property built fort lomeron afterwards named st louis at the place now known as port la tour near cape sable this made him in fact if not in name the french ruler of acadia for his fort st louis was the only place of any strength in the whole country in sixteen twenty seven the survivors of biencourt's wandering companions had settled down some of them in their old quarters at port royal but most of them with la tour at cape sable then came to acadia seventy scottish settlers sent hither by sir william alexander who took up their quarters at port royal and named it scott's fort the french described these settlers as all kinds of vagabonds barbarians and savages from scotland and the elder la tour went to france to procure stores and ammunition and to petition the king to grant his son a commission to hold acadia against the intruders but the elder la tour was not to come back in the role of a loyal subject of france he was returning in sixteen twenty eight with the ships of the newly formed company of one hundred associates under when off the gaspe coast appeared the hostile sail of the kirks and la tour was taken prisoner to england there he entered into an alliance with the english accepted grants of land from sir william alexander had himself and his son made baronets of nova scotia and promised to bring his son over to the english side young la tour when his father returned accepted the gift and by some means procured also in sixteen thirty one a commission from the french king as lieutenant-general of acadia later as we shall see his dual allegiance proved convenient The restoration of Acadia to France in 1632 by the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye was to Cardinal Richelieu the signal for a renewal of the great colonizing project which he had set on foot five years earlier and which had been interrupted by the hostile activities of the Kirks.

How came you by the doubloon then?

I, h- I- I- I got it in Nantes.

How can you prove it?

I tell you I got it there.

Yes.

All right, now, take a look at this coin which Florent gave me, the one with which you paid your bill this afternoon.

See the cross on the coin where the sardine merchant nicked it before he paid me? Did the coin you picked up in Nantes have that cross marked on it?

Well, well, I, I, I-

And it, it was the-- Is it Cannes or-

I just remember it wasn't, it wasn't Nantes

...

he pla- Well, he does play for them now.

I'm, I'm glad you said it, not me.

Yeah.

Nantes.

In terms of Wan-Bissaka, I think, uh, his first half was fine.

They loaned him to, I wanna say they loaned him to Blackburn, and he did pretty well there.

He went back to Huddersfield and had a good season, and then they got relegated and he went to Nantes on loan, and then he went to Stoke.

And his first season at Stoke was really, really good.

So Hull have bought him off that, and I know he's a, a lot of fun to watch, so I'm, I'm happy to see him in the Premier League, but again, I don't...