mTOR

I think at the end of the day, they're going the same.

Between MP and Essential, we're talking about the same kind of concept and pool, right? So, for me, that's the first number and the most important one, right? Yes, you know, like you saw some of our recommendations there from the technical would have like a ideal lysine, histidine, and methionine, mTOR amino acids, if you are into the mTOR and the limiting, you know.

Yeah.

But the most important one, and make sure that that's the one that you look first, is, you know, either your total MP supply or your essentials, right? So, you know, the rule of thumb, like 20 grams of essential amino acids per megawatt of energy.

So that's the way to go.

Brain chain amino acid I'm fascinated about, you know.

A few years ago, we didn't think about these, right? And then as people start working on the human side, on mTOR, and let's get our example from the dairy industry.

A few years ago, whey was a waste.

That's approved by the US FDA, but EMA approval is pending.

The same is true of Getatolacib, which is a PAM pathway inhibitor, blocking both PI3 kinase inhibitors and mTOR.

This drug was recently approved by the U.S. FDA in July of 2026 for patients with PIK3CA wild-type disease, and approval in the mutant subtype with data only recently presented in 2026 is pending.

Other drugs are also listed here.

Now we're facing a future where we're not giving two substances anymore.

We have the capiviracetib, the Act 1 inhibitor, the CDK46 inhibitor, and the endocrine pathway control for patients who have a PL3 kinase mutation or a NAC kinase mutation or a PTEN mutation.

Victoria 2, we're coming back to substances that only inhibit the PR3 kinase, but also mTOR, as Dr. Rugo already pointed out.

A PAR2 study is one of the studies that tests an oral, a highly bioavailable SIRT in the first-line setting, and EVO-PAR.

That's if it all goes to plan.

But the problem we've seen over and over again with drug-based models is they're very, very good at exaggerating benefits and underestimating or essentially being rather mute about the side effects and we see you know with glp-1 receptor agonists plenty of evidence that they may not be quite as good as we're led to believe yes there are lots of people getting short-term benefits but check out some of the adverse effects you know the the skinny arms and the um the the the essentially the kind of effects that you're seeing as you start to interfere with insulin and you block your GLP-1 receptors have a monumental impact on nutrient sensing pathways like mTOR and AMPK.

These are systems that have evolved over millions of years.

I don't want to

Many of the drugs like rapamycin and acarbose and conanglithosin, many of those drugs also modulate the control inside cells of protein.

There's an enzyme called mTOR.

TOR stands for target of rapamycin.

So it's not surprising that rapamycin alters it.

That has a very strong regulatory effect on protein translation and production of new proteins.

All of the drugs that we've studied that slow aging diminish mTOR action.

So there's a lot of sort of circumstantial evidence that if you slow down the process of making new proteins, that's good for you.

but why it's good for you and how it produces healthful effects is uncertain.

Yeah.

And he started talking about something mTOR this and mTOR that.

That shit was over my head.

But basically, he said that if you don't have leucine in your body, which I learned from you, you get from like chicken and steak and

And that kind of comported with what you said, that if you don't have enough leucine in your body, your body will stay kind of in, I don't remember if you use this or he uses this word, repair mode, as opposed to when you have enough leucine, you go into build mode.

And I thought, and so I ran that by Greg and I could see Greg was like, holy shit.

And he goes, did he mention mTOR? And I'm like, he did.

And then I could hear Greg on his computer.

It activates this MPK.

It dampens mTOR.

These are known facts, and we know it changes metabolic environment in which cancer cells live in.

There's human evidence available, you know, debatable on how good it is, but there's a phase three clinical trial, etc., etc.

Leucine is the most important BCA.

It's anabolic because it's able to kick the mTOR of the rapampicin, which is the drive for the anabolic pathway.

And glutamine, even though it's non-essential amino acid, is the most abundant amino acid in the muscle tissue.

And actually, during times of stress and catabolism, there is a lot of glutamine depletion in the muscles.