Modoc War

Over a century ago, a small band of Modoc resisted when the U.S. government forced them onto a reservation.

It sparked the Modoc War.

That group, led by a man named Captain Jack, took refuge in the caves of what's now Lava Beds National Monument.

The Modoc that survived months of fighting and later executions were sent by cattle cars to a reservation in modern-day Oklahoma.

Today being October 3rd, there are only 89 days left in the year.

And on this date in history, in 1873, Modoc leader Kintpuash was hanged at Fort Klamath, Oregon, after being convicted of his role in the deaths of U.S. negotiators during the Modoc War, a conflict in which his people resisted relocation.

Kintpuash was the only Native American leader charged and convicted of a war crime by the U.S.

In 1974, Frank Robinson became the American League's first black manager after he was hired by the Cleveland Indians.