Michael Rock

And I think that's really useful for the reader to feel like they can have an active role in starting to understand and parse what's going on.

I'm just curious, like, were there any other sorts of active groups that you thought of that you just weren't able to kind of produce a full enough section for? You know, going back to Michael Rock, designer as author.

Yeah.

That was the first essay that I thought of when I was reading your introduction.

So speaking of the fragility that you mentioned about graphic design, and so for decades, we know that commentators have mentioned that graphic design is dead.

And you quote Michael Rock telling that graphic design became in 1920 and died in 2008. which is when iPhone and App Store were launched.

So I wanted to hear from you.

Why do you think graphic designers are so anxious, forever anxious about their own relevance and legitimacy on their own practice and their own knowledge and expertise?

And I think that leads to some of it.

But then parallel to that, there's this cultural and technological shift where the tools of the designer become more and more democratized.

And so Michael Rock says the iPhone was the most democratizing technology of graphic design.

Anybody can open up Instagram and put some images and collage those together and put some text.