Meskwaki

But the returning Indians, by committing great barbarities on the way, caused such irritation and alarm among the white settlers that when Governor Reynolds of Illinois issued a call for volunteers, several regiments of hardy frontiersmen were at once formed.

Black Hawk's allies, with the exception of the tribe of the Foxes, at once fell away, but their desperate leader kept on in his course.

Among the companies which volunteered was one from Menard County, embracing many men from New Salem.

The captain was chosen by vote, and the choice fell on Lincoln.

right.

Live from land stolen from the Anishinaabe, including the Potawatomi, Ottawa, and Ojibwe, and the Illinois Confederation consisting of the Peoria, Kaskaskia, and others, as well as the Myaamia, Wea, Sauk, Meskwaki, Ho-Chunk, Menominee, Kickapoo, Meskuten, and Sakon, Fox peoples, and likely many, many more, definitely many, many more who have been forgotten to history.

This is... is hell will please remind us what is this week's question from mel and share the rest of the answers that were offered by our listeners

this week's question from hell is what should president trump rename with america next and the remaining answers all come from our Very funny, very witty, very disturbing Discord community.

The question is this.

Who negotiated the 1804 treaty between the, um, Sauk and Meskwaki?

What year was that?

Uh, the 1804 treaty.

In order to remind ourselves and our community, we begin with this statement.

We are currently on the lands of the Peoria, Kaskaskia, Piankashaw, Wea, Miami, Muscootin, Odawa, Sauk, Meskwaki, Kickapoo, Potawatomi, Ojibwe, and Chickasaw nations.

It is necessary for us to acknowledge these native nations and for us to work with them as we move forward as an institution.

Over the next 150 years, we will be a vibrant community, inclusive of all our differences, with Native peoples at the core of our efforts.

the

Meskwaki.

Owl wasn't simply treated as a generic symbol.

It existed within a much larger ceremonial and spiritual system.

The Wisconsin tribes, of whom many were hereditary enemies, only needed a spark to set them at one another's throats.

This led to trouble at Detroit, which resulted in the Bloody Fox Wars, long costly fighting for the French, which contributed much towards their final downfall in the New World.

End of chapter 2 CHAPTER III.

THE FOX WARS AND THE FALL OF NEW FRANCE events occurring in wisconsin during the first half of the eighteenth century were to bode little good for the french and were to contribute towards the final downfall of new france at the hands of the british for a good share of the years between seventeen o one and seventeen thirty eight the french were to be largely occupied with the attempt to subjugate the fox indians and their allies not only were the expeditions against the fox to prove costly to the french but the enmity of the fox required shiftings of trade routes as an inevitable result friction between the french and english traders developed since the fox at times blocked both the fox river in wisconsin and the illinois river to the french traders the determined resistance of the fox also prevented the fruition of french hopes to dominate the western tribes and influence them to espouse the french cause furthermore the difficulty experienced by the french military in conquering a relatively small group of wisconsin indians did little to further french prestige among other western tribes the first fox war was actually the result of the french concentration policy within a few years after the founding of detroit in seventeen o one by the sieur de cadillac there were almost six thousand indians in the vicinity of the fort the fox meanwhile determined to prevent the carrying of guns to their enemy the dakota sioux were halting french traders attempting to proceed up the fox river on their journey to the sioux country on the upper mississippi a french fort in the sioux country was also abandoned after the loss of several men due to attacks by the fox cadillac realizing the need for some measure to bring these warlike tribesmen under control in seventeen ten invited the fox along with the other tribes resident around green bay to come and reside near detroit at this crucial time when so much depended on the leadership of a frenchman experienced in handling the tribes cadillac probably the most capable colonial officer of the times was sent to louisiana as governor of that colony the new commandant at detroit had none of cadillac's ability with the indians the arrival of the fox and their allies the kickapoo sock and the scootin was the signal for trouble these tribesmen were feared as well as hated by the other indians about detroit after a band of muscutin were attacked by the ottawa near the st joseph river during the winter of seventeen eleven to seventeen twelve the fox in revenge immediately attacked the ottawa and huron at the detroit post the detroit commandant sided with the ottawa and huron and permitted them to seek refuge in the french fort shortly after the fox erected a stockade of their own and made preparations for a long fight the french and their allies were reinforced by a large band of illinois missouri osage pottawatomie and this greatly superior force laid siege to the fox fort and the latter soon offered to surrender the french and their indian supporters however were now determined to completely exterminate their enemies after a siege of nineteen days the fox attempted to escape by taking advantage of cover offered on a dark rainy night they were pursued overtaken and the great majority of them were slaughtered this was a victory for the french but a very costly one for the fox and their allies still had a great many warriors in the forests of wisconsin these in retaliation began a war of extermination against the allies of the french who had participated in the detroit massacre and the hunted tribesmen soon complained that their people were starving because they dared not hunt in the forests lest their men be slain by the vengeful fox the summer of seventeen sixteen saw the first white army ever to invade the forests of wisconsin the sieur de louvigny in may of that year left montreal with an army of several hundred french and a force of mission indians determined to compel the fox to sue for peace he arrived in wisconsin with his army augmented by western tribesmen and curieux de bois who had been granted pardons for joining the expedition at their own expense with this total force amounting to about eight hundred men louvigny besieged the fortified fox village situated near little lake butimore while the french kept up a fire with two small cannon and a grenade mortar they sank a trench towards the fox fort determined to mine the place and blow it up The Fox surrendered after three days of fighting, and agreed to accept terms which Louvigny thought very severe, but which his Indian allies regarded as overmild.

The terms include the requirement that the Fox pay for the costs of the expedition against them, by means of furs yet to be gathered, to give up prisoners taken from the allies of the French, to furnish a number of hostages to guarantee their future good behavior, and to cede their territory to the French king.

the peace temporarily halted the bloody warfare of the four preceding years and permitted the fur trade to be resumed the concentration policy had proven to be a failure and shortly after the death of louis the fourteenth in seventeen fifteen the posts were once more occupied and the licensing system for the fur trade was restored A fort was built at Labai, Green Bay, in 1717, and a post was occupied at Shequamagon Bay to keep the Chippewa from attacking the Fox and causing a resumption of war, and also to regulate the fur trade in that area.

The Fox, warned by their scouts of the force advancing against them, hastily erected a stockade and prepared to fight for their lives.

They managed to fight off the besiegers for twenty-three days.