mesenchymal stem cell

Mm-hmm.

And then they took that bone marrow out, and they isolated something, I'm gonna refer to them as MSCs.

The technical term, I'm gonna read this, is mesenchymal stem stromal cells.

Think of them as stem cells, basically.

So we still have all these stem cells.

So mesenchymal stem cells or MSCs has become kind of the gold standard of what we're doing because of the multitude of properties they have.

But there are other cell types that can be immensely helpful.

So I try to harness different cell types from the umbilical cord to produce a more comprehensive benefit, just like, you know, we're talking about bringing different factors into it.

So they're screened for any family history of problems and their work history, toxic exposures and travel history and sexual history, prenatal history.

So everything that you can think of that could affect the quality of that cord has been screened for.

And because they are so young and because if you're, especially if you're using cell source that's rich in MSCs, then there's almost no immune rejection or any kind of immune reactivity because MSCs are calming to the immune system.

And also these cells are supposed to be blank cells because they're stem cells.

But being more specific about what those cells are I think is important.

Um, and so what most of the excitement around, uh, connective tissue regeneration that is being leveraged today, and that work is really focused on mesenchymal or mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs.

Now these, these are, like, halfway up the mountain.

Uh, they're on the mesoderm side of, of that, that pyramid.

They're not traveling super far unless they get into our circulatory system, but they're locally releasing molecules that are stimulating and promoting what the body needs from a production standpoint in the cells in that environment locally.

Mm-hmm.

And so for instance, in the hair follicle, these, these MSCs really drive a lot of, of released molecules that then stimulate the dermal papilla, which is actually what produces the hair follicle, like the hair shaft.

Yeah.

This brings us to the most futuristic sci-fi element of the 2022 guidelines.

Recommendation 25, a brand new 2B recommendation, the local administration of mesenchymal stem cells, or MSCs, is now formally recognized as a safe and effective treatment for selected patients with medically and surgically refractory Crohn's fistulas.

This represents a genuine revolution in colorectal surgery.

We're talking about the Adam-Mary CD Phase III clinical trial and its subsequent data.

The stem cells are active living biological agents.

Exactly.

When you inject these MSCs into the local tissue matrix of the fistula tract, they perform two distinct, highly active biological functions.

First, they possess profound immunomodulatory properties.

Otherwise, that could be problematic.

So all the MSCs or the mesenchymal stem cells are, they're just signaling cells.

and they're turning on your body's own stem cell production.

You even look at the Mu cells, which we've been using as of this year.

Early regenerative research focused heavily on transplanting whole living stem cells.

They looked at mesenchymal stem cells, or MSCs, derived from a patient's bone marrow and adipose-derived stem cells pulled from fat tissue.

But the sources highlight a highly specific type that outperformed those USCs, or urine-derived stem cells.

Why are those better?

Like, "Help me, help me.

The f- body, please come on board and help m- me right here." Then the MSCs are gonna sense, "Oh, we got stress signal, so let me get into the bloo- let me get in there." So it can squeeze itself into the blood vessels, in, you know, into the lumen of the blood vessel, and sense where the chemical signals are, are, the direction of the signals, right? So it's gonna swim upstream to eventually find the source of the signal, because the concentration of that signal gets higher and higher and higher, so it's tracing it.

And then it can get to the big toe, and then get itself out of the blood vessels at the big toe.

And now it can start to work its magic, sending signals into the blood, so to recruit other things in, in the blood from, from the blood system, right? Including your immune system, bringing all these cells, immune cells to come on board to help you repair.

... therapy have done MUSE cell [laughs] therapy really.

It's just in different proportion.

So, um- All, in all the MSCs, 1 to 3% are actually MU cells.

Mm-hmm.