Lynn Margulis

So there's the endosymbiotic theory, the idea that chloroplasts and mitochondria became symbionts within cells, which was the origin of complex cells.

It was proposed by Lynn Margulis, a female biologist.

And she's like Maria Montessori, intuitively sharp.

But at the time, Darwinism was dominant in the scientific community.

Endosymbiosis was proven correct.

Such organisms were actually found.

A bit of trivia, Lynn Margulis was the ex-wife of Carl Sagan, the astronomer and physicist who also wrote science fiction.

A genius.

The explanations were vacuous, and smoke and mirrors.

And I suddenly had a epiphany when I discovered Barbara McClintock, Lynn Margulis, James Shapiro, Conrad Waddington, Evelyn Witkin.

It took about two years to get there, but all of a sudden I discovered an enormous vein of literature that was very well documented that shows that organisms cut, splice, rearrange, re-engineer their DNA, respond to hostile situations at enormous speed, do merger acquisitions in real time, hours, not millions of years.

And I was like, why isn't anybody talking about this? And so I ended up writing a book called Evolution 2.0, which came out in 2015.

Who knows? Sharon Carleton will bring you their sometimes challenging stories, but let me just say a couple of were friends of mine.

The first is or was Lynn Margulis.

Now, if you're listening and awake, it's thanks to your mitochondria, energy organelles in your cells.

If you're a plant, any green plant, you have chloroplasts in your cells making food for you and us.

But soon, looking at his examples, so many were finding animal examples proving or not that traditional wives like chimps or magpies and alpha males were like that because they're still apish or cocksure.

And so to their stories with Sharon Carleton.

Lynn Margulis's science took her and us with it along for a once-in-a-lifetime ride back into the time of Earth's earliest beginnings when, as she never tired of pointing out, so very much had happened.

Dorian Sagan talking about his mother, Lynn Margulis.

Who knows? Sharon Carleton will bring you their sometimes challenging stories, but let me just say a couple of were friends of mine.

The first is or was Lynn Margulis.

Now, if you're listening and awake, it's thanks to your mitochondria, energy organelles in your cells.

If you're a plant, any green plant, you have chloroplasts in your cells making food for you and us.

But soon, looking at his examples, so many were finding animal examples proving or not that traditional wives like chimps or magpies and alpha males were like that because they're still apish or cocksure.

And so to their stories with Sharon Carleton.

Lynn Margulis's science took her and us with it along for a once-in-a-lifetime ride back into the time of Earth's earliest beginnings when, as she never tired of pointing out, so very much had happened.

Dorian Sagan talking about his mother, Lynn Margulis.

And Logan has taken this to a different level.

He has named this the Ninem-Margulis synthesis, where it is his understanding that yes, the mitochondrial membrane is indeed glycocalyx, But the inner membrane is as a result of endosymbiosis, exactly as described by Lynn Margulis.

And so that is his synthesis of this whole membrane story.

Yeah, it's pretty incredible.

How can it possibly be bacteria? This is a complex cell.

They belittled people who tried to claim that the mitochondria were bacteria until finally Lynn Margulis, famously got enough evidence over the line.

So this was in the 60s in the US.

She showed enough times, enough evidence that these little tiny things really were originally bacteria that had been incorporated into this epic act of symbiosis some two billion years ago.