Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides
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Search complete. 25 mentions across 13 episodes found for "Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides".
Oct 8, 2026
AksharaHOST
While it found a technology partner for one form of battery chemistry, it failed for another.
AksharaHOST
For the NMC or nickel manganese cobalt chemistry, Agратas has licensed technology from AESC Apollo, which is a Japanese firm that's now majority owned by China's Envision Group.
AksharaHOST
And the deal saves Tata the effort of developing the technology from scratch.
AksharaHOST
But we don't know how far that gets Tata on its own.
AksharaHOST
Now beyond these three, a few more companies in India have their own strategies to skirt around China's dominance.
AksharaHOST
For instance, there's Ola, which decided to develop its own cells from scratch.
AksharaHOST
Its 4680 NMC cell is already used in its scooters, while its newer 4600 LFP cell has received BIS certification.
AksharaHOST
While this marks significant progress from mere assembly, Ola still imports active key materials like the cathode and anode.
Eddie Montes TravisHOST
What makes the chemistry of LiFePO4 so much better than the older batteries?
Marylyn Lee TrotterHOST
Well, the older NMC nickel manganese cobalt batteries were prone to thermal degradation.
Marylyn Lee TrotterHOST
If you left them in a hot car during summer, the internal chemistry would break down, risking thermal runaway, and they offered a relatively short lifespan of about 500 charge cycles.
Eddie Montes TravisHOST
Which isn't great for a mobile office.
Jack RussoHOST
We hear about LFP a lot, but mechanically, why is it so important compared to the batteries we've been using for the last decade?
speaker_1GUEST
The legacy EV market primarily relied on NMC batteries, nickel, manganese, and cobalt.
Jack RussoHOST
Okay.
speaker_1GUEST
Cobalt is incredibly expensive.
speaker_1GUEST
Its supply chain is fraught with ethical and geopolitical issues, and NMC batteries carry a higher risk of thermal runaway.
Jack RussoHOST
Which means they can catch fire if damaged.
speaker_1GUEST
Right.
Richard BowkerHOST
And Alstom have confirmed that.
Richard BowkerHOST
Now, the batteries are NMC, lithium, nickel, manganese, cobalt.
Richard BowkerHOST
not the LTO that we first thought they might be.
Richard BowkerHOST
Why? Well, according to James, the NMC batteries, they're lighter and they're more compact.
Richard BowkerHOST
The underframe of these trains is absolutely stacked with batteries and cooling equipment to get everything to work.
Richard BowkerHOST
And of course, these are low floor vehicles.
Richard BowkerHOST
And James was of the view that he wasn't sure you could have offered this solution, the Odessia Stream low floor solution with LTO.
Richard BowkerHOST
You may well have ended up taking up quite a bit of the interior space.
Tim MontagueHOST
Um, okay, so lithium iron phosphate is the big dog in the room.
Tim MontagueHOST
NMC seems to be fading away.
Tim MontagueHOST
It has a lot of thermal runaway issues.
Tim MontagueHOST
And then, of course, sodium is coming on.
Simon EngelkeGUEST
Yeah.
Simon EngelkeGUEST
I mean, you just described the biggest buckets of chemistry, right? And you could say NCA, that's kind of the slightly similar version to, like, you know...
Simon EngelkeGUEST
But you could put in the same bucket as NMC.
Simon EngelkeGUEST
That's what Tesla will be using, is Panasonic.
Eli PasterGUEST
And that's the very hard thing to do in a normal battery.
Sean WhiteHOST
Yeah, and I know with lithium ion batteries too, there's different shades of gray because you have like NMC batteries, that's lithium manganese cobalt oxide.
Sean WhiteHOST
And those ones are more likely to go into thermal runaway than LFP.
Sean WhiteHOST
And then there's probably like lead acid battery is probably like less likely, but it doesn't taste good.
10 MINS LATER
Eli PasterGUEST
In terms of, we already talked about cost, in terms of energy density, We like to say we're close to lead acid.
Eli PasterGUEST
So we're not lithium ion, sort of like lithium.
Eli PasterGUEST
Well, you've got solid state, and then you have NMC, and then you have LFP, and then you have sort of sodium ion, and then you have the lead acid polyjoule sort of range.
Sean WhiteHOST
So it's not going to be in my flying car, but that's okay.
Sam AbuelsamidHOST
LMR cells use a significantly larger proportion of manganese compared to the nickel, and as of today, manganese ore is about $4.40 per metric ton, while nickel is $16,000 per ton, making it easy to see why manufacturers would prefer to use a high manganese content.
Sam AbuelsamidHOST
LMR cells have the advantage of nearly the same energy density as NMC, with a price about one-third lower, and close to that of lithium iron phosphate.
Sam AbuelsamidHOST
Since its initial announcement, Ford has offered few extra details about its LMR program, but GM has indicated it plans to rely on LMR for its larger EVs that need more energy capacity at a lower cost.
Sam AbuelsamidHOST
GM has now also confirmed that, as has been rumored for some time, it will be producing those LMR cells at the Spring Hill, Tennessee Ultium Cells Plant that is a joint venture with LG Energy Solution.
Sam AbuelsamidHOST
The Spring Hill plant originally started production in 2024 of NMC pouch cells for EVs, but as the market for EVs in the U.S. failed to grow as fast as expected, some of the capacity has been switched over to LFP cells for energy storage systems.
Sam AbuelsamidHOST
GM will now begin conversion of some of the capacity to LMR before the end of this year, with production expected to begin in 2028.
Sam AbuelsamidHOST
A significant portion of the cell assembly lines will need to be revamped since it currently produces pouch cells.
SaadHOST
The minerals you also get from black mass depend on the type of battery it comes from.
SaadHOST
Two common types are LFP, lithium, iron and phosphate, and NMC, nickel, manganese and cobalt batteries.
SaadHOST
India mainly uses LFP batteries because they are cheaper than NMC batteries.
SaadHOST
So depending on the battery, Indian black mass can contain different amounts of lithium, iron, copper and graphite.
SaadHOST
The problem is that India does not yet have enough facilities to process this black mass and extract the minerals from it.
Bob GalyenGUEST
And the reason for that, those buses all had lithium-ion phosphate in them.
Bob GalyenGUEST
The primary reason was the government made a decision for all the battery manufacturers in the early days of electrification in China because they knew that these LFP batteries were safer than an NMC, even though the NMC would give you a better range, better performance per unit mass.
Bob GalyenGUEST
But they chose to go with the LFP because they were much safer, they lasted longer, and they worked really well.
Bob GalyenGUEST
Today's modern era of LFP is even much better than they were back then.
Bob GalyenGUEST
Then it went up to 200.
Bob GalyenGUEST
Now they're up in the 240s to 260s on some of these LFPs.
Peter TertzakianHOST
Yeah, so, I mean, for the benefit of the audience, the LFP is lithium, F is ferrous iron phosphate, and the NMC nickel, manganese cobalt.
Peter TertzakianHOST
And so there are different chemistries for different applications.
David HowellGUEST
And let me also back up just a little bit.
David HowellGUEST
Some of this selection of the NCA, NMC, and iron phosphate were based on what the industry partner wanted to pursue.
David HowellGUEST
Okay.
David HowellGUEST
So, you know, Johnson Controls and SAFT, NCA, LG Chem, more of an NMC play.
David HowellGUEST
And of course, A123 Systems, that's the iron phosphate play.
David HowellGUEST
Okay.
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