ligament

And those are?

The anterior talofibular ligament, which we refer to as the ATFL.

the calcaneofibular ligament, the CFL, and the posterior telofibular ligament, the PTFL.

Okay, so ATFL, CFL, and PTFL.

And the data shows that the ATFL is the absolute prime suspect here.

Approximately 70% of all lateral ankle sprains involve an isolated injury to just the ATFL.

70%.

I want to understand the physics of why that single ligament takes such a beating.

Yes.

Um, but also there's that ligament laxity-

Ligament laxity

... which means that the whole thing just moves a lot more.

So that bone that's kind of meant to be protected a little bit by the tensile strength of the ligaments around it, those ligaments are weaker.

So that was what was so remarkable about this is that prior to that, like you, maybe you could try to put them in a cast and maybe it would scar down.

And every once in a while, somebody would come back to pitch, but this was able to reliably get most pitchers back that, Ligament.

The interesting thing when people talk about the Tommy John surgery is that you only need it to play football or play baseball.

And so, like, you and I could say this, and we don't pitch for a living.