Judiciary Act of 1789

And by the way, they weren't even, all right, they're a co-equal branch of government because it says Article III, but they were in the basement of the white of Congress until the 1950s.

And they only exist the way they exist and are funded through Congress and Judiciary Acts.

So let's just change the Judiciary Act when the Democrats are in power and let's fix the effing court.

Yeah, I think all options should be on the table in terms of this reform.

I think the most important thing to understand about CASA and cases coming after CASA is what the court left available to plaintiffs.

So the court's holding was specific to the statutory interpretation of the Judiciary Act.

It's not a constitutional holding.

It doesn't foreclose courts from even granting universal injunctions as long as there's a statute that authorizes that relief.

So it's important to be thinking in the long term when you're thinking about litigation, not just of the rules that you want to challenge, but of the rules that you like and you want to potentially defend.

So let's talk about post-casa, and let's go back to what you were saying, Matt.

I didn't hear a lot of discussion about vacatur, which I think is going to be one of the big issues is, you know, CASA is about nationwide injunctions under the Judiciary Act of 1789.

Vacatur often is under the APA, not the Judiciary Act.

Finality as a condition of review is an historic characteristic of federal appellate procedure.

Originating in the first Judiciary Act of seventeen eighty-nine, the finality requirement is now codified in twenty-eight United States Code Section twelve ninety-one.

The courts of appeals, that section provides, have jurisdiction over appeals from final decisions of the district courts, and a decision generally is final under Section twelve ninety-one only when it resolves the entire case, when it ends the litigation, on the merits or otherwise, and leaves nothing for the court to do but execute the judgment.

That final judgment rule, by preventing piecemeal appeals, promotes the efficient administration of justice and preserves the proper balance between trial and appellate courts.

On September 24th, 2017, more than 200 NFL players kneeled or sat during the National Anthem after President Donald Trump criticized the players' protests in a speech and a series of tweets.

Also on this date, in 1789, President George Washington signed a Judiciary Act establishing America's federal court system and creating the post of Attorney General.

In 1869, thousands of businessmen were ruined in a Wall Street panic known as Black Friday.

after financiers Jay Gold and James Fisk attempted to corner the gold market.