Uh, what is that, and why would you study an irregular event high in a distant sky that none of us actually experience directly?

Yeah.

Uh, excellent question.

Um, so I described the polar vortex can have different dis- you know, disruptions or weakenings, disturb, you know, kind of go through different disturbances.

So the stretch polar vortex is a relatively minor disruption of the polar vortex.

I mean, you know, so as far as the polar vortex, I think the, the impacts are minor.

I think as far as North American weather, the impacts are not, they're major.

How did you get into this game, and can you be replaced by AI?

And not to get into all the weeds of that, but what is the basis that you're using, Dr. Cohen, for your research? What is the index?

Okay, so I can go on for the rest of the morning and afternoon.

All right.

Answering that question, but I think the European model really came into its own, or people really recognized it, if I get this correct, as the better models with Superstorm Sandy.

I think it was the first model that showed it taking that left hook towards New Jersey.

And I think after that, people, wow, you know, that kind of caught everybody's attention.

I think ever since then, it's really demonstrated that wasn't a fluke or a one-off.

So we're not there yet, but do you mind talking about your work on Siberian snow? You touched on it, but I just want to pull that out a little bit more.