Hybrid automatic repeat request

Hybrid automatic repeat request needed the most surgery.

NR in release sixteen uses up to sixteen stop and wait processes, and release seventeen extends that to thirty-two.

Thirty-two processes still cannot cover the round trip of a low Earth orbit or geostationary link, so the standard allows a network to disable HARQ feedback for the downlink and reuse processes before a full round trip passes.

The NTN bands in release seventeen include N255 in the L band and N256 in the S band, and Qualcomm announced a modem on February twenty-sixth, two thousand and twenty-four, with integrated narrowband NTN support and release seventeen compliance.

Direct-to-cell service on unmodified handsets sits outside those specifications.