Human skeleton

We could not do better than take as an illustration of the mode of occurrence and the levels of the submerged land surfaces the section seen in the excavation at Tilbury Docks, for this was most carefully noted by the engineers, and was visited by two competent observers, Messrs. W. Whittaker and F. C. J. Sporo.

This excavation is of great scientific importance, for it led to the discovery of a human skeleton beneath three distinct layers of submerged peat.

and these remains have been most carefully studied by owen and huxley and more recently by professor keith the section communicated to sir richard owen by mr donald baines the engineer superintending the excavation at the time of the discovery is shown in the diagram on page fourteen As Mr. Baines himself saw part of the skeleton in the deposit, his measured section is most important as showing its exact relation to the submerged forests.

It is also well supplemented by the careful study of the different layers made by Mr. Spurrow, for though his specimens did not come from exactly this part of the docks, the various beds are traceable over so large an area that there is no doubt as to their continuity.

we will now describe more fully the successive layers met with in tilbury docks condensing the account from that given by messrs spurrow and whitaker and using where possible the numbers attached by the engineer to the successive beds it will be noticed that the marsh level lies several feet below trinity high water below the sod of the marsh came a bed of fine grey tidal clay one in which at a depth of seven feet below the surface mr spurrel noted in one of the docks an old grass-grown surface strewn with roman refuse such as tiles pottery and oyster-shells this fixes the date of the layer above as post-roman but the low position of the roman land surface now at about mean tide level is due in great part to sinkage since the marsh was embedded and drained it is unconnected with any general post-roman subsistence of the land beneath the roman layer occurs more marsh clay and silt two resting on a thin peat four which according to mr whitaker is sometimes absent then follows another bed of marsh clay five shown by the engineer as four feet thick but which in places thickens to six or seven feet below this is a thick mass six of reedy peat the main peat of mr spurrel which is described as consisting mainly of phrygmites and sparganium with layers of moss and fronds of fern the other plants observed in this peat were the elder white birch alder and oak associated with them were found several species of fresh-water snails and a few land forms but the only animal or plant showing any trace of the influence of salt water was hydrobia ventrosa a shell that requires slightly brackish water the main peat rests on another bed of estuarine silt seven and eight which seems to vary considerably in thickness from five to twelve feet It is not quite clear from the descriptions whether the thin woody peat of Mr. Whittaker and the sand with decayed wood, 9, of the engineer represent a true growth in place, like the main peat.

It is somewhat irregular and tends to butt against the banks of sand, 9 asterisk, rising from below.

In one of these banks, according to Mr. Spurrow, the human skeleton was found.

The contents of the sand, other than the skeleton, included bithynia and succinia, and as Mr. Spurl calls it, a river deposit.

Brian, weirdest thing you ever saw in someone else's house?

So it was my girlfriend's house, and it was an actual ske- human skeleton sitting in a rocking chair.

So, like, when I saw, when you, when we were all, like, in biology class, we knew that those weren't real human bones, right? Like, they, they hung from a little metal clip, and you knew that was, like, manufactured.

How did you know those were actual human bones?

We shall first consider those functions which belong to the vegetative life and which have nutrition for their object.

End lesson one

Lesson 2 of The Elements of Anatomy and Physiology.

This is a LibriVox recording.

It regains its vermilion color and becomes again fit for the maintenance of life.

It is this transformation of venous blood into arterial blood which constitutes the phenomenon of respiration.

End of lesson two.

Recording by Mackenzie Nicole Greenwood.

sense the faculty of receiving impressions from external objects sensibility the ability or faculty of receiving impressions from surrounding objects and being conscious of them sinuous relating or belonging to a sinus partaking of the nature of a sinus Sinus, any cavity, the interior of which is more expanded than the entrance, in this respect being the reverse of fossa, which see.

Skeleton, from the Greek skelo, eye dry, the aggregate of the hard parts of the body or the bones.

Skin, the dense elastic membrane which envelops the body.

It consists of three layers or laminates.

But, you know, you remember the great TV show, Super Ted, one of the great, Spotty and Ted.

Bulk, Skeleton.

Bones, what his name was, Bones, and Tex.

Oh, Tex, yeah.