Hittites

And Jacob, he purchased the land outside the city walls of Shechem.

And King Hamor was a Hittite.

A shepherd would not live outsi- would not live inside of a city because he had to stay with his flock.

The shepherd-- And then the amount that he pays is recorded so that everybody knows that he paid a good and proper amount for it.

Before that, the world had worked.

Egypt and the Hittites, Babylon and Assyria, and a line of wealthy cities along the coast of what is now Syria and Lebanon were bound together by trade and by letters.

Their kings wrote to each other on clay tablets in a shared diplomatic language.

They sent golden horses as gifts.

The envoys from the north reached the Pharaoh's city in the delta, carrying a tablet of silver.

It had come a long way, over the hills of what is now Turkey, down through Syria and along the coast, and it was still wrapped for the road when they set it in front of the Pharaoh.

On its face, in the middle, was an image of the Hittite storm god holding the great king of the Hittites in his arms.

Around the image ran the words of a treaty.

Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates.

The Kenites, and the Kenizzites, and the Kadmonites, and the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Rephaims, and the Amorites, and the Canaanites, and the Girgashites, and the Jebusites.

Now Sarai, Abram's wife, bare him no children, and she had an handmaid, an Egyptian whose name was Hagar.

And Sarai said unto Abram, Behold now, the Lord hath restrained me from bearing.

And the Lord said...

"I have surely seen the affliction of my people which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters.

For I know their sorrows; and I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.

Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel has come unto me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.

some towering 30 meters or more, their shapes so improbable that they look designed rather than eroded.

Beginning as early as the Hittite period, roughly 4,000 years ago, and expanding dramatically during the Byzantine era from the 4th through the 11th centuries, people carved entire cities into the valley walls and underground.

The soft tufa yielded to simple iron tools, and the rock, once exposed to air, hardened through a process of chemical drying, becoming more resistant to erosion over time.

The carved spaces maintained a constant temperature year-round, cool in summer, warm in winter, because the thermal mass of the surrounding rock acts as a natural insulator, buffering the interior from the extreme temperature swings of the Anatolian Plateau, where summer highs can exceed 40 degrees Celsius and winter lows can drop below minus 20.

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The purpose of the underground cities was survival.

Cappadocia sits at the crossroads of empires, Hittite, Persian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk, Ottoman, and the region has been invaded, occupied, and contested for millennia.

The underground cities were refugees designed to shelter entire communities during periods of attack.

He was sold for 20 shekels.

Now, remarkably, since then, and in recent years, there's been archeology of the whole Mesopotamian region, Assyria, Mesopotamia, Babylon, the Hittite Empire.

Around 1900 AD, the price of a slave, as it turns out, was 20 shekels.

but it wasn't a stable price.

Also the children of those that had been carried away, which were come out of the captivity, offered burnt offerings unto the God of Israel.

twelve bullocks for all israel ninety and six rams seventy and seven lambs twelve he goats for a sin offering all this was a burnt offering unto the lord and they delivered the king's commissions unto the king's lieutenants and to the governors on this side the river and they furthered the people and the house of god Chapter 9 Now when these things were done, the princes came to me, saying, The people of Israel, and the priests, and the Levites, have not separated themselves from the people of the lands, doing according to their abominations, even of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Jebusites, the Ammonites, the Moabites, the Egyptians, and the Amorites.

For they have taken of their daughters for themselves, and for their sons, so that the holy seed have mingled themselves with the people of those lands.

Yea, the hand of the princes and rulers hath been chief in this trespass.

All right.

So we see here that in this month, the first month, God goes on in verse 5 to tell Moses, And it shall be when the Lord shall bring thee into the land of the Canaanites, the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.

Well, what land is that? That's Canaan land, as we would now look at Israel or Palestine.

Again, so as we talked about in a couple episodes ago, in Exodus 12, we had a lot of like historical stuff happening.

And Joshua saith, Open ye the mouth of the cave, and bring out unto me these five kings from the cave.

and they do so and bring out unto him these five kings from the cave the king of jerusalem the king of hebron the king of jarmuth the king of lachish the king of eglon and it cometh to pass when they bring out these kings unto joshua that joshua calleth unto every man of israel and saith unto the captains of the men of war who have gone with him draw near set your feet on the necks of these kings and they draw near and set their feet on their necks and joshua saith unto them fear not nor be affrighted be strong and courageous for thus doth jehovah do to all your enemies with whom ye are fighting and joshua smiteth them afterwards and putteth them to death and hangeth them on five trees and they are hanging on the trees till the evening and it cometh to pass at the time of the going in of the sun joshua hath commanded and they take them down from off the trees and cast them unto the cave where they had been hid and put great stones on the mouth of the cave till this very day and makedah hath joshua captured on that day and he smiteth it by the mouth of the sword and its king he hath devoted them and every person who is in it he hath not left a remnant and he doth to the king of makedah as he did to the king of jericho and joshua passeth over and all israel with him from makedah to libnah and fighteth with libnah and jehovah giveth also it into the hand of israel and its king and it smiteth it by the mouth of the sword and every person who is in it it left not in it a remnant and it doth to its king as it did to the king of jericho and joshua passeth over and all israel with him from libnah to lachish and encampeth against it and fighteth against it and jehovah giveth lachish into the hand of israel and it captureth it on the second day and smiteth it by the mouth of the sword and every person who is in it according to all that it did to libnah then hath horam king of gezer come up to help lachish and joshua smiteth him and his people till he hath not left to him a remnant and joshua passeth over and all israel with him from lachish to eglon and they encamp against it and fight against it and capture it on that day and smite it by the mouth of the sword and every person who is in it on that day he hath devoted according to all that he did to lachish and joshua goeth up and all israel with him from eglon to hebron and they fight against it and capture it and smite it by the mouth of the sword and its king and all its cities and every person who is in it he hath not left a remnant according to all that he did to eglon and doth devote it and every person who is in it and joshua turneth back and all israel with him to debir and fighteth against it and captureth it and its king and all its cities and they smite them by the mouth of the sword and devote every person who is in it he hath not left a remnant as he did to hebron so he did to debir and to its king and as he did to libnah and to its king and joshua smiteth all the land of the hill country and of the south and of the low country and of the springs and all their kings he hath not left a remnant and all that doth breathe he hath devoted as joshua god of israel commanded and joshua smiteth them from kadesh barnea even unto gaza and all the land of goshen even unto gibeon and all these kings and their land hath joshua captured at one time for jehovah god of israel is fighting for israel and joshua turneth back and all israel with him unto the camp at gilgal chapter And it cometh to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor heareth, that he sundeth unto Jobab king of Madon, and unto the king of Shimron, and unto the king of Akshaph, and unto the kings who are on the north in the hill country, and in the plain south of Chinneroth, and in the low country, and in the elevations of Dor on the west, to the Canaanite on the east, and on the west, and the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the hill country, and the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpeh.

and they go out they and all their camps with them a people numerous as the sand which is on the seashore for multitude and horse and charioteer very many and all these kings are met together and they come and encamp together at the waters of miram to fight with israel and jehovah saith unto joshua be not afraid of their presence for to-morrow about this time i am giving all of them wounded before israel their horses thou dost hawk and their chariots burn with fire and joshua cometh and all the people of war with him against them by the waters of miram suddenly and they fall on them and jehovah giveth them into the hand of israel and they smite them and pursue them unto the great zidon and unto mizraphothmaim and unto the valley of mizpeh eastward and they smite them till he hath not left to them a remnant and joshua doth to them as jehovah said to him their horses he hath hocked and their chariots burnt with fire and joshua turneth back at that time and captureth hazor and its king he hath smitten by the sword for hazor formerly is head of all these kingdoms and they smite every person who is in it by the mouth of the sword he hath devoted he hath not left any one breathing and hazor he hath burnt with fire and all the cities of these kings and all their kings hath joshua captured and he smiteth them by the mouth of the sword he devoted them as moses servant of jehovah commanded only all the cities which are standing by their hill israel hath not burned them save hazor only it hath joshua burnt and all the spoil of these cities and the cattle have the sons of israel spoiled for themselves only every human being they have smitten by the mouth of the sword till their destroying them they have not left any one breathing as jehovah commanded moses his servant so did moses command joshua and so hath joshua done he hath not turned aside a thing of all that jehovah commanded moses and joshua taketh all this land the hill country and all the south and all the land of goshen and the low country and the plain even the hill country of israel and its low lands from the mount of halak which is going up to seir and unto baal gad in the valley of lebanon under mount hermon and all their kings he hath captured and he smiteth them and putteth them to death many days hath joshua made with all these kings war there hath not been a city which made peace with the sons of israel save the hivite inhabitants of gibeon the whole they have taken in battle for from jehovah it hath been to strengthen their heart to meet in battle with israel in order to devote them so that they have no grace but in order to destroy them as jehovah commanded moses and joshua cometh at that time and cutteth off the anakim from the hill country from hebron from debir from annab even from all the hill country of judah and from all the hill country of israel with their cities hath joshua devoted them there hath not been left anakim in the land of the sons of israel only in gaza in gath and in ashdod were they left and joshua taketh the whole of the land according to all that jehovah hath spoken unto moses and joshua giveth it for an inheritance to israel according to their divisions by their tribes and the land hath rest from war chapter twelve and these are kings of the land whom the sons of israel have smitten and possess their land beyond the jordan at the sun rising from the brook arnon unto mount hermon and all the plain eastward sihon king of the amorite who is dwelling in heshbon ruling from aroer which is on the border of the brook arnon and the middle of the brook and half of gilead and unto jabbok the brook the border of the bene amman and the plain unto the sea of chinneroth eastward and unto the sea of the plain the salt sea eastward the way to beth jeshimoth and from the south under the springs of pisgah and the border of og king of bashan of the remnant of the rephaim who is dwelling in ashtaroth and in edrei and ruling in mount hermon and in salka and in all bashan unto the border of the geshurite and the maacathite and the half of gilead the border of zihon king of heshbon moses servant of jehovah and the sons of israel have smitten them and moses servant of jehovah giveth it a possession to the reubenite and to the gadite and to the half of the tribe of manasseh and these are kings of the land whom joshua and the sons of israel have smitten beyond the jordan westward from baal-gad in the valley of lebanon and unto the mount of halak which is going up to seir and joshua giveth it to the tribes of israel a possession according to their divisions in the hill country and in the low country and in the plain and in the springs and in the wilderness and in the south the hittite the amorite and the canaanite the perizzite the hivite and the The king of Jericho, one.

The king of Ai, which is beside Beth-el, one.

All right.

back to verse 1, the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, the Edomites and Sidonians, and Hittites, from the nations of whom the Lord had said to the children of Israel, you shall not intermarry with them, nor they with you.

Surely they will turn away your hearts after their gods.

Solomon clung to these in love." Wisdom is not a replacement for obedience.