Herodian dynasty

Hello, and welcome to Jewish History in Daf Yomi.

So today's Daf has a reference to yonei hardesiot, or yonei hardasiot, which refers to Herodian doves.

Why are they called Herodian doves? Because they became all the craze during the era of King Herod, which we're gonna talk about in just a second.

But, uh, King Herod apparently loved doves, and you could do all kinds of different things with doves.

There were, like, gambling involved with doves, and I imagine they'd have races, although that's kind of hard to imagine how these races would work.

a very cruel and compassionless family mentioned in the Gospels and in the book of Acts.

Do you know who they were? They were the Herods.

And the Herods were the last of the Edomites in the New Testament called the Edomians.

And today there are no Edomites.

And Petra, their capital, is just an archaeological novelty.

Friends, Edom had many allies in that kingdom of darkness, and other nations also set themselves up against God and his people, and repeatedly Edom sided with the enemies of Israel.

But you know, in that kingdom of the evil one, there's not much loyalty, is there? What Obadiah predicts in verse 7, that their allies will betray them, that's exactly what happened at the end of Edom's story.

Those kings called Herods, the last of the Edomites, they sided with Rome.

As he says, the Garden Tomb Cave contains none of these elements of Second Temple burial caves.

Thus, dating this cave to the Hasmonean or Herodian period, in other words, the late Second Temple period, seems completely out of the question.

Moreover, the Garden Tomb is surrounded by other Iron Age tombs.

The whole area north of Damascus Gate was a necropolis during the time of the kings of Judah.

The one who has the resh first and then the dalet says it was named after Herod.

Herod liked to breed these particular pigeons, so they're called Herodian pigeons.

And those who say Hadri Sa'ot is it came from a place and it's named after that place.

Rav Kahana said, I saw these pigeons.

This is the kind of lamp that Jesus was referring to.

This is the typical Herodian lamp that is the time of Herod or the Herods, which goes all the way to the destruction of the temple in AD 70, the destruction of Jerusalem.

And this here is an original?

This is an original.

This is an original.

This is a simple Herodian lamp.

This is not very complex.

You can tell it's a Herodian lamp because of this flange spout here.

Moreover, within a short period, the Romans exacted from us over ten thousand talents.

The kingship, formerly a privilege bestowed on those who were high priests by right of birth, now passed into plebeian hands, the Herodian family, Idumeans.

Of this we shall speak in due course.

Pompey then handed over Coele-Syria with the rest of Syria from the river Euphrates to Egypt to Socatus, leaving him two Roman legions and departed for Cilicia, Cilicia en route for Rome.

He showed, moreover, that he was strongly inclined to act only in accordance with the tenor of the will and in the interests of Archelaus.

Note reading Chrapane, conjecture niece, with manuscript reading Tropane, had been strongly moved by Nicolas' arguments.

Nothing, however, was decided which could afford Archelaus any sure ground for confidence, and on the dismissal of the assembly, the emperor privately considered whether he should confirm the kingdom to Archelaus or should divide it between the whole Herodian family as they all stood much in need of assistance.

However, before any final settlement was reached on these matters, Motake, the mother of Archelaus, fell ill and died, and letters arrived from Varus, the governor of Syria, announcing a revolt of the Jews.

And so they started calling their children Agrippa in tribute to him.

And one of the great Herodian kings is Herod Agrippa, who reunited Herod the Great's big Judean king, big Jewish kingdom, um, for about five, for about seven years before he died.

And, and how do you locate Zionism wi- wi- within this sweep of history? Because people are, you know, the-- Most people now think that Zionism is a racist, settler, colonialist, you know, Western implant, uh, into A- A- Arab lands.

Uh, how do you locate it in history?

This is called paleography, the study of ancient handwriting.

Based on a close analysis of the Hebrew script, scholars have determined whoever wrote them was actually taught somewhere between 225 BCE and 50 CE, under the dynasties of the Hasmonean and Herodian kings.

So paleography and archeology has narrowed the authorship of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the inhabitation of Qumran to the same 200-year timeframe.

But what can the scrolls themselves tell us about who wrote them? About 40% of the Dead Sea Scrolls are copies of the Hebrew Bible, like the Book of Isaiah and the Book of Psalms.

And there were other times they went back.

In the, in the Roman times, there'd been the Maccabean kingdom and the, the Herodian kingdoms of Judea.

And King Herod, a J- a Judean Jewish king, had built the Second Temple in all its glory.

Mm-hmm.