Gothic language

So it's a bit of an unknown, kind of a fun fact for all of you, but...

Celtic languages are more related to italic languages like Latin than they are to Germanic languages like English and Gothic.

So...

Celtic and Italic languages like Latin form this super family called Italo-Celtic, and that's just a branch of Indo-European.

Yes, that

was very much needed.

Now, these people, these Yamnayas, these Indo-Europeans, spoke Proto-Indo-European, which is the common ancestor, as we all know, to the languages that we're oh so familiar with today, such as Latin, Greek, Irish, Old English, Gothic, Afrikaans, Hittite, Old Persian, Sanskrit, Russian, Farsi.

There's a whole bunch of others that I'm not going to name because there's like 200 million different Indo-European languages spoken across the entire world, so I'm not going to go mention them all.

over.

the Arabic and the Latin and the Gothic and the Syriac and the other translations and go back to Hebrew and Greek.

And so if someone is thinking that the Bible has been translated so many times that we're really, you know, helplessly D connected, discoupled from the, the source texts or the source languages, at least, that's just not true.

There's no truth to that.

What do they all have in common? We've got three, tres, tres, tres, tres.

So the first is English, the second is Latin, the third is Greek, the fourth Sanskrit, and the last one comes from Gothic, an old Germanic language.

And they all mean three, and they all sound remarkably similar.

So are these words related, or are we simply looking at a rather remarkable collection of coincidences? At first glance, the answer might seem obvious.

This is why historical linguists are interested not in 10 words that happen to look alike, but in 10 recurring correspondences across hundreds of words.

Take Proto-Indo-European, usually abbreviated to PIE.

No one knows exactly when or where it was spoken, and we have no surviving text written in it, yet by comparing languages such as Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, Latin, Old Irish and Gothic, linguists have reconstructed thousands of Proto-Indo-European forms.

For example, the word for father could be reconstructed as something along the lines of prater, based on the evidence of its descendants.

Instead, they enjoyed a life no different than the Roman ruling class.

They received excellent education in military and diplomatic tactics, could read, write, and speak in Gothic and Latin, and were well versed in court intrigue, and, like all Huns of royal blood, they received expert training in archery, sword fighting, lasso use, horse riding, and grooming.

It seems that Bleda ruled as supreme king in the prized eastern wing, while Attila controlled the western reaches, where he expanded the core of Hunnic territorial control towards the Rhine.

From early in his rule, Attila continued to maintain the lucrative alliance with Aetius and, together with his brother, would continue to provide military support to the Roman general for years to come.

So the Goths were, were, uh, were a subset of the Germanic peoples.

They spoke the Gothic language, which we have a lot of remnants of it because they translated the Bible into Gothic.

Um, because this is AD 305, after all.

This is, Christianity is in full swing now.

That's key.

Because when you think of the Visigoths, where they wound up, Visigothic, uh, i- in Spain go together.

That's where we get our idea of the Gothic cathedral.

It's, for example, it's bec- from, from Visigothic Spain.

So they spoke an Eastern Germanic dialect.

It would seem, there's a lot that we don't know about Vandalic as a language, but it's probably related to Gothic, um, which is an Eastern Germanic language.

Culturally speaking, it's really hard to say.

I mean, they're an Iron Age, um, community living within this Roman military sphere, so profoundly affected by both of those traditions is probably the easiest things, thing to say.

It was a spectacular statement of his own, um, power, effectively.

And absolutely.

And y- we all hear of the Gothic sack of Rome by Alaric, but the Vandalic sack of Rome, once again, it's overshadowed.

You don't know.

Let it be observed that in these passages from the Aigla, the words athamas, hamramr, etc., are used without any intention of conveying the idea of a change of bodily shape, though the words taken literally assert it, for they are derived from hamr, a skin or habit, a word which has its representatives in other Aryan languages, and is therefore a primitive word expressive of the skin of a beast.

The Sanskrit karma, the Hindustani ustem, hide or skin, and kamra leather, the Persian gamsi clothing, disguise, the Gothic ham or hams skin, and even the Italian camicia and the French chemise are cognate words.

It seems probable accordingly that the verb athamas was first applied to those who wore the skins of savage animals and went about the country as freebooters, but that popular superstition soon invested them with supernatural powers, and they were supposed to assume the forms of the beasts in whose skins they were disguised.

The verb then acquired the significance to become a werewolf, to change shape.

It signified a wolf and also a godless man.

This varger is the English were in the word werewolf and the garou or varou in French.

The Danish word for werewolf is varulf, the Gothic vairulf.

In the Roman de Garin it is le varon, sanglante beste.

There are generally all sorts of vague associations and interests combining to lead the explorer on.

It has often been observed that a love of Gothic architecture or of medieval art in general goes along with and helps the study of medieval poetry.

Chatterton's Old English reading and his imitations of Old English verse were inspired by the Church of St. Mary Redcliffe at Bristol.

The lives of Horace Walpole, of Thomas Wharton, of Sir Walter Scott, and many others show how medieval literary studies may be nourished along with other kindred antiquarian tastes.

The Age of Chivalry, the Ages of Faith, have often been contrasted with the hardness of the Age of Enlightenment, Rationalism, and Material Progress.

They are thought of as full of color, variety, romance of all sorts, while modern civilization is represented as comparatively dull, monotonous, and unpicturesque.

This kind of view has so far prevailed, even among people who do not go to any extremes, and who are not excessively enthusiastic or romantic, that the term Gothic, which used to be a term of contempt for the Middle Ages, has entirely lost its scornful associations.

Gothic was originally an abusive name, like vandalism.