Gemalto

Like, can you take us back then, I don't know, like '98, maybe a little bit later, and, like, tell us what were the initial trade-offs that, that, you know, like the builders and the designers, like, uh, should have, you know, decide on?

Well, so the, uh, as I mentioned, the goal of Active Directory was to sell more Windows, to sell more Office, right? Speed to deployment, right? How do you deploy a whole bunch of systems? Um, and so in that speed to market, it lost some things like multi-factor authentication, right? MFA wasn't, like, a core design principle of Active Directory, right? It was something that was like, "Oh, maybe some partners will figure that out." And, and folks like RSA and Gemalto, right-

Mm

... did come forward to say, "Yeah, we'll, we'll do that MFA work," right? But for example, one of the tasks that, that fell to me is I was responsible for doing the regression testing for all of the third-party MFA tokens.