Gamaliel II

It had 18 blessings.

But then we see that Rabban Gamliel, how did he become 19? In the first century, which of course becomes significant because it's the century of the birth of Christianity.

And that's why most people think that the target of this prayer is Christianity.

And Rabban Gamliel, who lives in the first century, he actually dies in 118.

So he dies at the beginning of the second century, but he's alive in the first century.

He's flourishing in the first century.

Now, the temple had been destroyed in roundabout 70 CE.

And the rabbinic class or group of people, the rabbis, the early nascent rabbis, moved to Yavna, and that's where rabbinic Judaism really begins, soon after the destruction of the first temple.

Just look at Paul.

How do you explain this person steeped in rabbinical Judaism, trained by Gamaliel II? How do you explain him losing everything

after he'd

been a persecutor of the church?

As long as he didn't consummate the marriage, he doesn't have to say Shema for those first four nights.

Mishnah continues and brings a story about Rabban Gamliel.

There's a story about Rabban Gamliel who said Shema on that first night when he got married.

His students came over to him and they told him, Rabbi, what's happening here? They told him, Rabbi, didn't you teach us that a groom is exempt from Kiryat Shema on the first night of his marriage, that he's engaged in this mitzvah of consummating the marriage, and his mind is on that.

Therefore, he wouldn't be able to focus on Kiryat Shema because he's engaged in this mitzvah.

So that literally means, right, the one who wears the mada, like a madim, which is a uniform in Sahel, the one who wears the uniform will continue to wear it, right, which means Ram Gamliel, who wore it, should also be.

And the one who did not wear the uniform will not say to the one who wears the uniform, remove your uniform and I will wear it, right? Essentially, this was an interesting analogy of trying to hint to the people that they should reinstate Rabban Gamliel.

The problem is...

Right? They think that this is actually being, that this person was sent by Rabbi Gamaliel.

He was deferential, didn't want to argue.

Rabban Gamliel doesn't let it go.

He says to Rabbi Yeshua, I heard that you think it's a reshus, it's voluntary.

He says, Yeshua, without the Rebbe, You stand on your feet, they'll come and testify that you indeed said that.

So this is called Porres al Shema.

So what he means here is this idea, remember, that we learned, I think, yesterday, that the communal standard for what is communal tefillah, according to the Rambam, at least agrees with Rabban Gamliel's opinion in the Gemara, that the...

And Shaleach Tzibor saying the tefillah and everyone else saying amen and being silent afterwards and saying amen is what communal tefillah looks like.

And according to the Rambam here is what he's saying.

Mishnah continues.

Rabban Gamliel says no, until Amud Hashachar arrives, until dawn arrives.

That's the opinion of Rabban Gamliel.

And he understands as being any time people sleep.

They're sleeping the entire night.

So means any time that they're actually sleeping, somebody can fulfill their biblical obligation of Shema.

The sons of Rabban Gamliel arrived after being out at a party.

And they told them, they told them, we didn't read Shema.