Deep-level transient spectroscopy

So I can think of a few electrical techniques where you can measure some energy level in the bandgap.

And, you know, you measure the signature, like, in the time that this technique called DLTS was invented, you know, silicon and gallium arsenide were sort of the hottest materials.

you know, people started finding these signatures.

It's like, well, we got the signature of an electron trap, and it's, you know, it's so many hundred millielectron volts below the conduction band.

Yeah, I was just going to say that capacitance, that's DLTS, that's another way to

measure it.

So it's awesome because you know how much charge is there, so you know exactly how many.