Cytochrome c oxidase

And that's why they came to this conclusion.

So very early on, we thought that infrared light coming in here would go down to this complex IV, which is cytochrome C oxidase, and it would cause there to be more pumping out of protons because there's more electron transfer to oxygen to make water.

And therefore, protons come back in, and that would cause a higher production of ATP.

That was our initial thought.

And what other phenomenon is that? If you look at this study, this study was published in 2018, and this was a head scratcher because what they did here was they looked at different wavelengths and they wanted to see what effect that this had on different complexes in the electron transport chain.

Now notice what happened here.

With 810 nanometer light, it actually increased complex IV activity in the electron transport chain.

However, 750 nanometers decreased Complex IV activity and 950 decreased Complex IV activity as well.

Got to have a chef, right? Yeah.

All right, so in the mitochondria at complex IV, that you're talking about, complex IV, There's two heme groups, heme A and heme A3.

And guess what they do? They hold oxygen.

But you can't make heme A and heme A3 without copper.

Yes, exactly.

And so you start to drop in zinc into the equation and suddenly you're affecting both the metals, copper and iron.

And what people may not know is that Not only does zinc block the copper uptake, zinc has known properties to stop cytochrome C oxidase at complex IV.

That's not a good

So what is the direct bypass? Xanthine oxidase shuttles electrons straight to the reduced portion of cytochrome c oxidase.

And what does this allow it to do? To spin the ATPS motor.

What does this do? Complex IV keeps running without any food calories.

Okay?

Wow.