Cryptogam

natur

f hubert's nouvelles observations sur les abeilles seventeen ninety six cuvier on recent and fossil elephants seventeen ninety eight jenner's inquiry vaccination against small-pox lithography invented by sennenfelder seventeen ninety nine william smith's order of the strata and their embedded organic remains seventeen ninety nine eighteen twenty five la place's mecanique eighteen hundred volto's electric pile eighteen o seven dalton's atomic theory davy's decomposition of potash and soda eighteen eleven motor and sensory roots of spinal nerves discovered by bell eighteen twelve cuvier's awesome and fossil eighteen sixteen cuvier's regne animal eighteen nineteen electro magnetism discovered by oersted chemiseau's the salpa eighteen twenty three eighteen thirty one pollen tubes traced to the ovule m e c brogniart robert brown eighteen twenty seven discovery of mammalian ovum by bear eighteen twenty eight eighteen thirty seven bears and eighteen thirty to eighteen thirty two lyell's principles of geology eighteen thirty five cell division in plants observed by mall eighteen thirty seven ke demonstration that alcoholic fermentation is due to living organisms eighteen thirty nine schwan and schreiden's cell theory eighteen forty eighteen forty nine jewels determination of the mechanical equivalent of heat eighteen forty one faraday's discovery of electric induction eighteen forty six discovery of neptune by leverrier and adams agassiz and buckland's announcement of extensive glaciation in scotland eighteen forty eight discovery of the antheridia of ferns by 1849-1851, Hofmeister's Comparative Studies of the Higher Cryptogams and the Flowering Plants.

1809-1882, Charles Darwin.

1822-1895, Louis Pasteur.

For shortness, these are commonly called phanerogams or phanogams, or by the equivalent English name of flowering plants.

Cryptogamous plants, or cryptogams, come from minute bodies, which answer to seeds, but are of much simpler structure, and such plants have not stamens and pistils.

Therefore, they are called in English flowerless plants.

Such are ferns, mosses, algae or seaweeds, fungi, etc.

The Elements of Botany by Asa Gray.

Section twenty.

Cryptogamous or Flowerless Plants.

Even the beginner in botany should have some general idea of what cryptogamous plants are, and what are the obvious distinctions of the principal families.

1691-1694, Camerarius on the sexes of flowering plants.

seventeen o two hydra discovered by leo seventeen eleven to seventeen seventy six hum seventeen twenty three to seventeen ninety adam smith seventeen twenty five vico's scienza seventeen thirty four to seventeen forty two ray muir's histoire des insectes seventeen thirty six eighteen nineteen what seventeen thirty seven linius's systema naturi last edition by linius seventeen sixty six linius's genera plantarum seventeen thirty seven to seventeen thirty eight swammerdams biblia naturi published written long before seventeen thirty eight lineus classes plantarum seventeen forty to seventeen sixty one rosell von rosenhoff's belustigungen begun seventeen forty four trembly's polyp do hydra seventeen forty five bonnet's tratte d'insectologie aphid's 1748 montesquieu's esprit de louis 1749 to 1804 buffon's histoire naturelle the last volumes posthumous 1752 identity of lightning and electricity demonstrated by franklin 1753 british museum founded 1755 black's experiments on carbonic acid and alkalies 1759 c f seventeen sixty trat anatomique etc larva of goat moth seventeen seventy new south wales discovered by captain cook seventeen seventy five priestley's experiments on the restoration by green leaves of air vitiated by combustion or respiration and on dephlogisticated air oxygen adam smith's wealth of nations seventeen seventy seven spallanzani's experiments on the spontaneous generation of minute organisms seventeen eighty one uranus discovered by herschel leroy's lettres sur les animaux first collected edition seventeen eighty four cavendish's experiments on air composition of water seventeen eighty five hutton's theory of the earth seventeen eighty seven to seventeen eighty nine la method de nomenclature chimique seventeen eighty seven and trat alimentaire de chimie seventeen eighty nine seventeen eighty nine first french revolution a l jussieu's genera plantarum white's natural history of selborne seventeen ninety goethe's metamorphosen der flonzen seventeen ninety one galvani's experiments on animal electricity seventeen ninety two sprangles entdeckte geheimnis der natur f hubert's nouvelles observations sur les abeilles seventeen ninety six cuvier on recent and fossil elephants seventeen ninety eight jenner's inquiry vaccination against small-pox lithography invented by sennenfelder seventeen ninety nine william smith's order of the strata and their embedded organic remains seventeen ninety nine eighteen twenty five la place's mecanique eighteen hundred volto's electric pile eighteen o seven dalton's atomic theory davy's decomposition of potash and soda eighteen eleven motor and sensory roots of spinal nerves discovered by bell eighteen twelve cuvier's ossemen fossil eighteen sixteen cuvier's regne animal eighteen nineteen electro magnetism discovered by oersted chemisso's the salpa eighteen twenty three eighteen thirty one pollen tubes traced to the ovule m e c brogniart robert brown eighteen twenty seven discovery of mammalian ovum by bear eighteen twenty eight eighteen thirty seven bears and eighteen thirty to eighteen thirty two lyell's principles of geology eighteen thirty five cell division in plants observed by mall eighteen thirty seven ke demonstration that alcoholic fermentation is due to living organisms eighteen thirty nine schwan and schreiden's cell theory eighteen forty eighteen forty nine jewels determination of the mechanical equivalent of heat eighteen forty one faraday's discovery of electric induction eighteen forty six discovery of neptune by leverrier and adams agassiz and buckland's announcement of extensive glaciation in scotland eighteen forty eight discovery of the antheridia of ferns by 1849-1851 Hoffmeister's Comparative Studies of the Higher Cryptogams and the Flowering Plants 1809-1882 Charles Darwin 1822-1895 Louis Pasteur The Subdivisions of Biology Morphology Anatomy Minute Anatomy Comparative Anatomy Embryology Physiology, including adaptations to the conditions of life.

Psychology of animals.

Classification.