cheyne-stokes respiration

In this edition, it's classified into six central sleep apnea syndromes.

So these are the CSA with Cheyne-Stoke breathing, CSA due to high altitude periodic breathing, primary CSA, CSA due to medication or substance, CSA due to medical disorder without Cheyne-Stoke breathing, and treatment emergent central sleep apnea.

These classification more so describe the circumstance of when CSA occurs.

A more etiological classification that we can consider would be classifying them by the underlying pathophysiology, which is dividing this from hypercarbic central sleep apnea versus a hypocarbic central sleep apnea.

Increased intracranial pressure is next.

The classic sign is Cushing's triad, systolic hypertension with widened pulse pressure, bradycardia, and irregular or Cheyne-Stokes respirations.

This triad signals impending herniation.

Early signs include decreasing level of consciousness, headache, vomiting without nausea, and pupillary changes.