Charles H. Townes

Okay, so how they're arranged.

Yes, which brings us to a massive paradigm shift in the late 19th century led by the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann.

He introduced the concept of statistical mechanics.

Oh, this is where temperature stops being about physical speed and starts being about probability.

That is the billion dollar question.

Like what happens to a physical system that has a strict limit on its maximum possible energy where it literally cannot absorb another drop?

This raises the exact question that theoretical physicists began to wonder about in the mid-20th century.

In 1949, a physicist named Lars Ansager was looking at two-dimensional point vortices.