Chalcolithic

It's insane.

But they were supposedly built during the Copper Age

or the

early Bronze Age, I guess.

Yeah.

It may have just been a

Bronze Age civilization among Copper Age world.

Not even Copper.

It, it's percentage of the Earth's crust is 60 parts per million.

How is it possible that neolithic peoples, um, were able to use copper tools? Uh, it's because there's natural processes on the earth which concentrates copper ores and even forms metallic copper metal that they, you know, the American Indians even were able to make copper tools, some tribes, and certainly we have the Copper Age and then the Bronze Age.

The, the, the geochemistry of the earth has created concentrated mineral ores, which is absolutely, uh, necessary for effective industrialization and, um, or civilization.

And, um, the moon doesn't have that.

At least two phases of Chalcolithic occupation in the cave, which were dated to the period spanning most of the first half of the fourth millennium BC.

End quote.

That is just a very lengthy and fancy way of saying, girl, the oldest shit here goes back to the Copper Age.

literally when people began smelting copper around 4500 BCE, so we're talking 6,000 years ago.

Arrhenii I proved itself to be a cornucopia of history and artifacts, and one of the most flabbergasting came when a shallow clay basin was dusted off.

Your keen eyes probably also saw that the shoe was stuffed with straw and grass.

And yes, that's the original straw.

And this evidence tells us an enormous amount about the lifestyle of the folks who took up this cave in the Copper Age.

So we know for a fact that he was killed by an arrow to his left shoulder sometime during the early summer.

But of course, there is still so much we are missing about his Chalcolithic life, especially when it comes to his tattoos.

Previous studies of Ötzi's tattoos have hypothesized that the lines and crosshatching that were tattooed on his body may have offered therapeutic benefits rather than simply acting as ornamental tattoos, that they did have a purpose to them.

These tattoos, where they are placed on Ötzi's body, do align with hard-working areas of the body, including the ankles, the wrists, the knees, and the lower back, all of which on me hurt.

Yeah.

So we talk about the Stone Age, which is then subdivided into the Paleolithic, the Mesolithic, the Neolithic and the Chalcolithic.

Yes.

And then followed by the Bronze Age and the

Thirty samples of soil and rock from around the structure, analyzed at Istanbul Technical University, dated between 3,500 and 5,000 years old, precisely matching the biblical timeline of the Great Flood.

According to literal interpretations of the Bible, the world was submerged during the Chalcolithic period, somewhere between 5500 and 3000 BC.

The scientific evidence now aligns perfectly with this ancient account.

So, we're left with a chilling question.

This is

Europe's oldest natural human mummy, dating back more than 5,300 years to the Copper Age.

He had 61 distinct geometric tattoos made of parallel lines and crosses.

No, no words, no statements, no rag

The archaeological significance of Gedik Kaya Cave was established in 2017 as a result of a survey, leading to conducting rescue excavations at the site between 2019 and 2023, with excavation work on the site continuing with supervision by university personnel in 2026.

Research has indicated that Gedik Kaya Cave was occupied intermittently throughout the Epipaleolithic, Neolithic, and Chalcolithic periods, thereby providing valuable information regarding the migration and interaction of populations in northwestern Anatolia.

Such evidence is lacking elsewhere, as the transition from a nomadic lifestyle to that of settled communities is poorly represented in archaeological materials.

The turtle figurines recovered during the excavation were transferred to Bilecik Museum and to Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University for stabilization and investigation.

You know, some of these findings are either too fragmented to confirm their use as wheels or are dated with a wide margin of error, making it difficult to pinpoint an exact moment or location for the invention.

So the invention of the solid wooden disc wheel is generally placed in the late Neolithic period, particularly during the Copper Age.

This type of wheel consisted of planks joined together to form a solid circular disc with a central hole for mounting on an axle.

Unlike earlier millennia where agriculture and pottery had already developed, this innovation marked a dramatic shift in human technological progress.