blood vessel

Hypertension.

Hypertension is nothing but the lack of vasodilation of blood vessels.

What makes them not vasodilate properly and therefore they're vasoconstricted? Advanced glycation end products.

I'll show you.

Renal failure.

Because the tiny blood vessels in your kidneys don't work properly.

Advanced glycation end products.

Insulin resistance and pancreatic cell dysfunction.

It's telling your heart rate what to do.

It's telling your contractility, your blood vessels to constrict or vasodilate.

Because you can't have the same software at all times.

How can you have that? You can't have one operating system all the time because your environment is changing.

Mm.

There are about 400 miles of brain, uh, blood vessels that feed the brain, and they just provide all the critical nutrients.

They also have this important role in clearing out the toxic aggregates that, um, and, and synaptic proteins that turn over throughout the day, um, and through- over the years, um, as we use our brains.

And so the, the vascular tree of the brain is really one of, in my view, one of the most important and somewhat un- understudied components, particularly in the context of late-stage neurodegenerative disease.

Um, and so, uh, you know, most times when we think about stroke, it involves these large blood vessels of the brain that are injured.

Um, but, you know, the, they, they make up a minority of the, of those 400 miles.

Mm.

And so in my view, it's really the most important component, and where a lot of problems with brain fitness start, um, is in not having an, a, a healthy and normally functioning vascular system.

It's kind of fun.

If we laid out our blood vessels end to end, you'd have 60,000 miles worth of blood vessels.

That is crazy.

It is crazy.

Jeez.

It's nuts.

So we have an entire earth's worth of blood vessels in us.

In every human body.

Or, uh, or a blood vessel.

Bl- blood vessel?

Blood vessel, like a 血管.

Um, you mean 結述 in Japanese?

Maybe.

Blood vessel.

Yeah.

You mean 血管?

Inside us, there are incredible systems that act as the body's roads, bridges, and structures.

Like, take blood vessels.

Humans have 60,000 miles of them inside our bodies for oxygen and nutrients to travel along.

That windy internal passage is long enough to wrap all the way around the Earth twice.

I think my brain is really just coming to terms with just how astounding that is.

This is really what parents should tell their kids when they won't eat their vegetables.

Eat your broccoli now, Thurston, so your blood vessels can grow long enough to wrap around the Earth twice! So today, we're going to sing the praises of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, give our muscles the chance to flex, and sure, we'll talk more about bones, too—all systems that serve as infrastructure for these soft bundles of tissues and organs that we call bodies.

Hi, I'm Dr. Sami, your friendly neighborhood entomologist, and this is Crash Course Biology! And speaking of flexing, y'all mind if I flex my theme music? After our respiratory and digestive systems have done the job of bringing energy into our bodies, we multicellular organisms need a system to transport life-giving oxygen and nutrients to all the cells.

And this is the cheilev that's al aksalim, the fat of the kelibusta, is gonna be, again, nacham ol, an isur de'oraisa.

Amar Rav Aba, amar Rav Yuda amar Shmuel, chutin shebiyad, the threads, the blood vessels.

In the yad and the foreleg is aser.

Oh, I was gonna say before we get here, excuse me, before we move on to the chutin shebi, shebiyad, let's pull up, let's pull up a picture.

Chutin shebe-arasurin, Amar Rav Safra, Moisha miomer, Rachmana litecha besra.

What do you mean? You're telling me the threads on the foreleg are aser.

Did Moisha Habenu say you can't eat meat? Everything has these chutin, has these blood vessels on it.

Amar Rav Am, Moisha miomer Rachmana achal dama.

Rashi, [Hebrew].

Certain types of blood vessels that come out of the chi-- uh, the lechi are asur, and therefore, [Hebrew].

You shouldn't give it to a kohen if you're choshe that he doesn't know how to remove them.

Because that's basically lifnei iver, right? You're, uh, giving him something that he's going to eat, and it's bishum dam.