Autoclave

And, um, we like to thank every single one of our community members by name because you all mean so much to us.

So we'd like to thank Hunter, Chris, Claire, Steven, Tim, Katrina, Scott, Vince, Bree, Brian, Latila, Rachel, Elizabeth, John, Jesse, Doreen, Heather, Ash, Sarah, Avishai, Chelsea, Christina, Jacob, Venus, Suzanne, Erica, Cullen, Autoclave, Julie, Amanda, Summer, and Dog Day Dan.

Thank you all for everything you do to make Chemistry For Your Life happen, and make it sustainable, and make it fun and exciting for us to keep going and keep making chemistry accessible to even more people.

Mm-hmm.

The text draws a very sharp, important distinction here between autoclaving and pasteurization.

Right.

Autoclaving is the absolute heavy artillery of sterilization.

It relies on moist heat under immense physical pressure, specifically 121 degrees Celsius at 15 pounds of pressure for a duration of 20 minutes.

Let me stop you there.

To crack that spore armor, you need steam that is significantly hotter than boiling.

And the only physical way to force steam past 100 degrees is to put it under intense pressure.

Autoclaving leaves nothing alive.