Amphotericin B

So then we get to the turning point, which is the discovery of amphotericin B. Amphotericin B was discovered in 1956 following the fermentation of actinomycete streptomycetes nodosus.

It was isolated from a soil sample collected on the Orinoco River region in Venezuela.

Licensed in 1959 and commercially available in 1960 as Fungizone.

I

love that

Choice B, cell number and wrong fucking answer.

when we have this scenario, which could be either amphotericin B, or it can refer to nystatin.

Now, some of you are going to get confused right now, and I'll elucidate this, okay? Nystatin mouthwash can be used for oral thrush, which is oropharyngeal candidiasis, not the same thing as candidal esophagitis.

There is an important distinction there.

So it's nystatin mouthwash, topical for oropharyngeal candidiasis, oral thrush, and it can be used topically for vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Now, nystatin pokes holes in the ergostral membrane, which we have here.

Same with amphotericin B, but amphotericin B almost always is given intravenously.

are there lipophilic formulations that can be used orally in theory yes but it's given intravenously but we know that amphotericin b is wrong because we would the vitals are normal we use amphotericin b last resort for fungimia where there's disseminated infections if they give you cns any cns infection so uh cryptococcal cryptococcus neoformans meningitis you're going to give amphotericin B.

This leads to cell death.

Amphotericin B is given intravenously for severe systemic fungal infections.

Azoles like fluconazole are often prescribed for vaginal yeast infections or oral thrush.

And terbinafine is an allylamine compound found in topical antifungal creams like u- those used to treat infections like athlete's foot.