Almaty Region

But if you travel across...

Northern Kazakhstan or parts of Almaty Oblast to which the Poles were deported, you would see those very typical Eastern European kind of villages that you would see in Russia, in Ukraine, in Belarus, because those people from that border strip were building what they knew how to build.

So it didn't really differ from what, let's say, Russian kulaks, Russian peasants who were sent to Kazakhstan after de-kulakization were building.

And when it comes to the jobs that people were doing, was it like typical agricultural jobs or did they have any specific skills, for example, that they could contribute to the society?