European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer

Um, but that helped establish PCI as a standard therapy, especially for patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer.

Subsequently, there was an EORTC trial, uh, led by Dr. Slotman and colleagues that was published in The New England Journal of Medicine in 2007, and that trial, um, randomized patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer to observation or PCI, and that trial also demonstrated an overall survival benefit.

And so after you had the meta-analysis and the dedicated randomized study showing an overall survival benefit in limited and then extensive-stage disease, PCI was really solidified as a standard of care therapy to improve survival outcomes for patients with small cell lung cancer.

Now, subsequently, those studies were criticized, um, for heterogeneous and often absent CNS staging and surveillance, and many of the studies in the, um, Operan meta-analysis were actually in the, the pre-MRI era.

Which is exactly why modern clinical trials rely so heavily on quality of life measurements now.

We use tools like the EORTC QLQC30 questionnaire.

Right, we aren't just logging survival and raw days anymore.

We are meticulously quantifying a patient's physical, emotional, and social well-being.

And Lockie, can I just ask you about tools used? You know, you touched on a few there.

Do you think that these sorts of tools, you know, the questionnaires that we see, I think we talked about MDAD-E, FACT as well, and a couple of the EORTC ones.

Do you think that they are translatable and meaningful to the community enough and how we can develop that better.

And do they capture all that we want to capture? Because in real life, in the clinic, you don't give people serial questionnaires, right? Well, I don't anyway.

So, okay, so talk about ipi dose in Checkmate 915.

Well, I mean, I think you have to go back to the adjuvant ipi EORTC trial, because that's the sort of starting point here.

Ooh.

Exactly.

I'm just talking about the dose of it.

That's 150 milligrams if you do three years' worth with those two years plus of maintenance.

Even if you just say, I think on EORTC 18071, the median number of doses was four, so people just got those four.

That's still 40 milligrams of ipi.