European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

How frightening was the surgery? You know, cardiac surgery essentially was born in 1950s, 1960s.

How safe was it already in 1980s, the time that EACTS was born? Was myocardial protection as good as it is now? If the patient was bleeding, was that a total disaster or how was it?

No, no, it wasn't there.

To my opinion, the major achievements for cardiac surgery, they were done in what I say the golden era of cardiac surgery.

starts with an ESC Guideline article entitled 2026 ESC Guidelines for the Management of Heart Failure.

developed by the Task Force for the Management of Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology, ESC, with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association, HFA of the ESC, endorsed by the European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery, or EACTS, by Lars Kuber and colleagues from the University of Copenhagen in Denmark.

These are very much awaited guidelines on classification, staging and management of heart failure or HF incorporating early detection,

risk factors and advances in therapies.